Last updated: April 14, 2025
The climate of Somalia is characterized by a striking contrast between scorching temperatures and variable rainfall across its regions. In January, the temperature can drop to a chilly 6°C (44°F) in Sanaag, while in March, it can soar to a sweltering 41°C (106°F) in Gedo. Precipitation patterns also exhibit significant variability, with some areas experiencing no rainfall at all in January, such as Sool, while others may receive as much as 142 mm (5.6 in) in May, notably in Lower Juba. Humidity levels oscillate throughout the year, reaching an average low of 31% in February in Gedo and peaking at 85% in November in Nugaal, contributing to the region's complex climate landscape.
Somalia's climate is characterized by diverse zones as classified by the Köppen-Geiger system. The regions display a mix of semi-arid (BSh) and arid (BWh) climates, with distinct variations evident across the country. For instance, Awdal and Bakool showcase the semi-arid BSh climate alongside some arid BWh areas, reflecting a blend of seasonal rainfall and dry spells. Meanwhile, the coastal region of Banaadir primarily experiences a BSh climate, ideal for its marine activities. Areas like Gedo, Sanaag, and Nugaal are predominantly arid (BWh), suggesting extreme dry conditions. The Lower Juba stands out with a unique As climate, further illustrating Somalia's climatic diversity. Collectively, these classifications highlight the intricate interplay between geography and climate, shaping the livelihoods and ecosystems across Somalia.
| Climate Zone | Description |
|---|---|
| As | Tropical savanna climate with a dry season occurring in summer. |
| BSh | Hot semi-arid climate with low rainfall and high temperatures. |
| BWh | Hot desert climate with extremely low rainfall and high temperatures. |
In Somalia, temperature trends reveal a striking contrast between the cooler highlands and the sweltering lowlands throughout the year. January kicks off with chilly minima of 6°C (44°F) in Sanaag juxtaposed against scorching highs of 40°C (104°F) in Middle Juba. As the months advance, temperatures steadily rise, peaking in May and June with maximums reaching 41°C (106°F) in locations like Gedo and Bari. From July to September, both the minimum and maximum temperatures slightly dip, indicating the onset of the rainy season, but remain warm with highs around 39°C (103°F). By the end of the year, temperatures gradually decrease again, hitting lows of 8°C (47°F) in December in Sanaag, while maximums linger in the upper 30s°C. This yearly cycle showcases Somalia's diverse climatic conditions, where the interplay between terrain and temperature creates a uniquely vibrant environment.
Precipitation in Somalia varies significantly throughout the year, with distinct regional patterns that impact the environment and livelihoods. In January, Sool experiences a stark dry spell, recording a minimum rainfall of 0 mm, while some regions, like Lower Juba, witness a dramatic increase in precipitation by May, peaking at 142 mm. This month also brings maximum rainfall days, with Lower Juba experiencing up to 24 days of precipitation, illustrating the critical wet season that supports agriculture and water resources. Conversely, February sees Middle Juba facing a precipitation absence altogether, highlighting the stark contrasts in Somalia's climate throughout the year. These fluctuations underscore the importance of understanding seasonal rainfall trends for effective planning and resource management in the region.
In Somalia, humidity levels vary significantly throughout the year, creating a dynamic climate that impacts daily life. During the dry month of February, for instance, Gedo experiences a minimum humidity of just 31%, providing a stark contrast to the humid conditions found in Nugaal, where humidity peaks at a sweltering 85% in November. This seasonal fluctuation suggests that while some regions may experience aridity, others face high moisture levels, influencing agriculture, health, and overall comfort in the country. Understanding these trends is essential for adapting to Somalia's unique climate.
Somalia's UV Index reveals notable trends in two key regions, with Banaadir and Sanaag experiencing some of the highest values. In April, Banaadir sees an average daily maximum UVI of 15, indicating significant sun exposure that can pose health risks if protective measures are overlooked. Meanwhile, in March, the northern region of Sanaag records an even higher average daily maximum UVI of 16, showcasing the intense solar radiation prevalent during this period. These peaks highlight the importance of understanding local UV patterns to promote public awareness and safety in sun protection strategies across the country.
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Somalia enjoys a remarkable amount of sunshine, with notable variations across its regions and seasons. In Awdal, January witnesses 273 hours of bright daylight, while Lower Juba basks in even more sun with 289 hours during the same month. As the year progresses, sunshine peaks spectacularly; in Awdal, May sees an impressive 347 hours, demonstrating a significant increase. Meanwhile, Gedo boasts its own sun-filled highlight in March, recording 356 hours. This trend highlights Somalia's vibrant climate, characterized by abundant sunshine that enhances both its natural beauty and agricultural potential.
The likelihood of sunny weather in Somalia shows notable variation across different regions and months. For instance, in Bakool, the chances of sunshine in July drop to a modest 21%, indicating a potential for more overcast conditions during that time. In contrast, Awdal enjoys a significantly brighter outlook in November, with 85% chances of sunny skies, making it an ideal time for outdoor activities and exploration. This trend highlights the geographical diversity of Somalia's climate, where certain areas bask in plentiful sunlight while others experience mild cloud cover.
Daylight hours in Somalia exhibit a notable variation between seasons and regions. In December, the northern region of Bari enjoys approximately 11 hours of daylight, creating a cozy atmosphere during the cooler months. Conversely, as summer approaches in June, Sanaag experiences an increase to about 12 hours of daylight, allowing for longer days filled with vibrant activity. This trend highlights how the length of daylight shifts across different times of the year and regions, offering both residents and visitors unique experiences throughout Somalia's diverse landscape.
Awdal, Somalia, boasts a warm climate marked by distinct seasonal variations. Temperatures range from a cool 7°C (45°F) in January to a sultry 37°C (99°F) in July, with averages hovering between 21°C (70°F) and 29°C (84°F) throughout the year. While the region generally experiences low humidity, it peaks to 79% in November, coinciding with increased rainfall, especially from April to June, where it can reach up to 75 mm (3.0 in) in May. This climate creates a unique environment that is both inviting and challenging, making it an intriguing destination for travelers. For more details, visit Awdal climate.
The climate in Bakool, Somalia, is characterized by a hot and arid environment, with temperatures often soaring in the summer months. January starts off warm, with temperatures ranging from a mild 17°C (64°F) at night to a scorching 37°C (99°F) during the day. As the year progresses, temperatures peak in March at 40°C (104°F) and gradually moderate, maintaining an average of around 27°C (81°F) through the late summer and fall. Rainfall is limited but peaks in April and October, bringing a welcome respite to the aridity, while humidity levels rise notably towards the end of the year. For a deeper understanding of the region's weather patterns, explore more about the Bakool climate.
The climate in Banaadir, Somalia features warm temperatures year-round, with January's averages hovering around 26°C (80°F) and peaking in April and December at 31°C (89°F). The humidity remains elevated, often exceeding 80%, reaching its peak in the sweltering months of July and August. Rainfall is primarily concentrated from April through November, with May recording the highest precipitation at 89 mm (3.5 in). Despite the wet months, the sun shines brightly, making it an inviting destination; learn more about this captivating climate at Banaadir climate.
Bari, Somalia, boasts a tropical climate characterized by high temperatures and low precipitation throughout the year. From the chilly January nights at 13°C (56°F), temperatures soar to a sweltering peak of 41°C (106°F) by May, making it the hottest month. The humidity varies slightly, reaching its highest in November at 83%, lending a heavy feel to the warm air. While the dry season prevails from July to September, fleeting showers in October and November provide a brief respite, ensuring the region's vegetation thrives. Discover more about this fascinating climate by visiting the detailed guide on Bari climate.
The climate in Bay, Somalia, is characterized by hot temperatures and seasonal shifts in precipitation. From January to March, temperatures soar, peaking at around 40°C (104°F), while humidity remains relatively low, averaging between 42% and 46%. As the year progresses, the wet season kicks in around April, bringing significant rainfall, with November seeing the highest precipitation of 103 mm (4.1 in) and humidity levels rising to 81%. Despite the heat, cooler months, particularly from June to August, offer a reprieve with comfortable averages around 26-27°C (80-81°F). For a deeper dive into the region's intricate weather patterns, explore the details in Bay climate.
The climate in Galguduud, Somalia, is characterized by warm temperatures year-round, with January temperatures ranging from a mild 18°C (64°F) to a maximum of 36°C (97°F). As the months progress towards April, the heat intensifies, peaking at 39°C (102°F) before cooling slightly in December. Rainfall is sparse, with most precipitation falling between April and November, particularly in April and November when it can reach 61 mm (2.4 in). Humidity levels fluctuate, rising notably in the latter part of the year, often exceeding 80% during October and November, creating a humid atmosphere. For a more detailed overview, visit the Galguduud climate page.
Gedo, Somalia, experiences a hot, arid climate with temperatures ranging from a mild 20°C (67°F) in January to sweltering highs of 41°C (106°F) in February and March. The dry season prevails during the early months, with nearly no rainfall in January and February, but April marks a shift, bringing significant precipitation with an average of 97 mm (3.8 in), paving the way for a warmer, more humid atmosphere. Humidity levels fluctuate throughout the year, peaking in November at 78%, creating a stark contrast to the dry air of earlier months. Despite the heat, the resilient landscape adapts, showcasing the unique beauty of this region. For more detailed information, visit Gedo climate.
Hiiraan, Somalia, experiences a warm and dry climate characterized by high temperatures throughout the year. From January to March, temperatures gradually rise, peaking at 39°C (103°F) in April and May before cooling slightly in the summer months. Rainfall is minimal but significant during the rainy seasons in April and November, contributing to an increase in humidity, which can reach up to 83% in October. With average temperatures hovering around 28-30°C (82-86°F), Hiiraan offers a hot yet vibrant climate that shapes the daily lives of its residents. For a more detailed look at the weather patterns, visit Hiiraan climate.
The climate in Lower Juba, Somalia, is characterized by warm temperatures year-round, with average highs reaching up to 36°C (97°F) in May and cooling slightly to around 26°C (79°F) during the July and August months. While January to March usually witnesses minimal rainfall, the region experiences its wettest period from April to May, accumulating over 142 mm (5.6 in) of rain. Humidity tends to hover around 70-80%, peaking during the summer months, making the air feel remarkably tropical. This blend of heat and moisture creates a distinct climate that is both inviting and challenging, embodying the essence of Lower Juba. For more details, visit Lower Juba climate.
The climate in Lower Shabeelle, Somalia is characterized by warm temperatures throughout the year, with averages ranging from a comfortable 26°C (79°F) in July and August to highs of 39°C (102°F) in March. The wet season runs from April to November, peaking in May and November with 94 mm and 95 mm of rainfall, respectively. Humidity levels generally increase during these wetter months, reaching up to 80% in November, creating a tropical feel. Despite the heat, the coastal influence helps moderate some summer extremes, making this region distinctive. For more detailed information on weather patterns and conditions, visit Lower Shabeelle climate.
In Middle Juba, Somalia, the climate is characterized by consistently warm temperatures year-round, with averages hovering around 30°C (86°F) and peaks reaching up to 40°C (104°F) in the hottest months. The region experiences a distinct wet season from April to November, where rainfall significantly increases, peaking in April and November with approximately 91 mm each. Humidity levels also rise during this period, climbing to around 78% by November, contributing to a muggy atmosphere. Despite the heat, cooler temperatures from December to March offer a brief respite, making it a dynamic climate that shapes the local lifestyle. For more details on the weather patterns and conditions, visit Middle Juba climate.
The climate in Middle Shabele, Somalia is characterized by a warm tropical feel, with temperatures ranging from a mild 21°C (70°F) in January to a sizzling 39°C (102°F) in March. The region experiences a distinct wet and dry season, with April and November marking the peak of rainfall, receiving 70 mm and 101 mm, respectively. Humidity levels rise throughout the year, often exceeding 80% during the wetter months, creating a muggy atmosphere. While June to August see lower temperatures, the soothing warmth remains, providing unique climatic conditions that shape the local ecosystem. Discover more about the region's diverse weather patterns at Middle Shabele climate.
Nestled in the heart of Somalia, Mudug experiences a tropical climate characterized by warm temperatures year-round. From January's average of 25°C (78°F) to the sweltering peaks of 38°C (101°F) in May, residents and visitors alike feel the heat, especially as the humidity rises—sometimes reaching a notable 82% in November. Rainfall is sparse but peaks in the wet season, notably in April with 52 mm (2.1 in), while other months often see little more than a drizzle. Despite the warmth, occasional rainfall punctuates the dry spells, keeping the landscape vibrant. For a deeper look into the region's weather patterns, explore the full details at Mudug climate.
Nugaal, Somalia, boasts a tropical climate characterized by warm temperatures and a distinct wet and dry season. From January to March, the region enjoys mild to warm days, with temperatures ranging from a pleasant 12°C to 36°C (53°F to 97°F) and minimal rainfall. As the year progresses into April and May, heat intensifies, peaking at an impressive 40°C (103°F) in May, accompanied by increased humidity and occasional rain. The months of June through August see drier conditions again, while October and November bring another wave of moisture and higher humidity levels, reaching up to 85%. For a deeper dive into the unique weather patterns of this fascinating region, visit the detailed Nugaal climate.
Nestled in the northeastern corner of Somalia, Sanaag boasts a unique climate characterized by mild temperatures and distinct seasonal variations. From the crisp January lows of 6°C (44°F) to the summery peaks of 37°C (99°F) in July and August, residents experience a comfortable range throughout the year. While precipitation rises in the spring, particularly in May with 80 mm (3.1 in) of rain, the humidity levels remain relatively low from June to August, promoting a pleasant atmosphere. This makes Sanaag an ideal destination for those seeking moderate weather and stunning landscapes. For a comprehensive overview of the weather throughout the year, explore the Sanaag climate.
The climate in Sool, Somalia is characterized by warm temperatures and a distinct wet season. From January to March, the region enjoys mild evenings and daytime highs averaging between 31°C (88°F) and 35°C (95°F). As the year progresses into the April-May period, rainfall increases significantly, peaking at 51 mm (2.0 in), while temperatures remain notably warm, often reaching around 36°C (97°F). After a brief dry spell in the summer months, humidity levels rise sharply in October and November, creating a lush environment just before the cooler December month, with averages dropping to about 23°C (73°F). Discover more about this unique climate at Sool climate.
Togdheer, Somalia, boasts a hot and dry climate with temperatures that fluctuate throughout the year. January starts cool, with nighttime lows around 9°C (48°F), while May welcomes peak warmth, reaching highs of 37°C (98°F). Rainfall is scarce overall, but the April to June period introduces some showers, peaking in May with 55 mm (2.2 in) of precipitation, resulting in a noticeable rise in humidity. As the year progresses, humidity levels soar, particularly in October and November, creating a warm, inviting atmosphere. For a deeper dive into the specifics of Togdheer’s climate, check out Togdheer climate.
Nestled in the heart of Somalia, Woqooyi Galbeed showcases a warm and inviting climate throughout the year. With average temperatures ranging from a mild 20°C (69°F) in January to a sultry 27°C (81°F) by June, the region basks in abundant sunshine, especially during the hotter months of May and June, where maximums can reach 38°C (101°F). Despite the heat, the annual rainfall, peaking in April at 57 mm (2.2 in), provides much-needed respite, fostering a diverse ecosystem. Humidity levels vary, reaching a high of 80% in November, creating a unique blend of warmth and moisture that characterizes this vibrant locale. For a deeper dive into the seasonal shifts and climate nuances, explore the detailed Woqooyi Galbeed climate.
The climate of Somalia exhibits a striking contrast between extreme temperatures and variable precipitation patterns, creating a unique environmental tapestry. While January brings cooler temperatures, with lows around 6°C (44°F) in Sanaag, the heat intensifies dramatically by March, soaring to a scorching 41°C (106°F) in Gedo. Rainfall also follows an intriguing trend; January can be bone-dry with 0 mm (0.0 in) recorded in Sool, while May witnesses a substantial increase, peaking at 142 mm (5.6 in) in Lower Juba. Humidity levels fluctuate significantly over the year as well, with 31% as the minimum in February in Gedo and spiking to 85% in November in Nugaal. This dynamic interplay of temperature, precipitation, and humidity shapes not only the natural landscape of Somalia but also the livelihoods and cultures of its people.