Last updated: January 18, 2025
Mudug, Somalia, exhibits a warm climate classified under the Koppen-Geiger scheme as BWh and BSh, indicating a hot semi-arid environment. The region experiences significant temperature variation throughout the year, with a minimum of 17°C (62°F) recorded in February and a peak average of 38°C (101°F) in May. The annual average temperature hovers around 27°C (81°F), creating conditions that are both challenging and characteristic of this distinctive climate zone. These temperature dynamics shape the ecological and socio-economic landscapes of Mudug, underscoring the importance of sustainable management in response to the region's climatic challenges.
In Mudug, Somalia, temperature patterns reveal a consistent warm climate throughout the year, characterized by gradual seasonal changes. The year starts with cooler temperatures in January, with minimums around 17°C (63°F) and average highs reaching 35°C (96°F). As February approaches, temperatures rise slightly, culminating in the peak warmth of May, where maximums can soar to 38°C (101°F). From June to October, temperatures stabilize, maintaining averages around 27°C (81°F) to 28°C (82°F), reflecting a transition to the more temperate conditions of the rainy season. The cooler months of November and December see a slight dip in temperatures, with minimums between 18°C (64°F) and 19°C (67°F), indicating a subtle shift as the year closes. Overall, this pattern illustrates a predominantly warm climate with a distinct dry season, followed by a milder period conducive to growth and development.
Xarardheere experiences a temperature range from a minimum of 19°C (67°F) in January to a maximum of 36°C (97°F) in May, while Gaalkacyo records slightly lower temperatures, with a minimum of 17°C (62°F) in February and a peak of 38°C (101°F) in May. In contrast, Hobyo has a minimum temperature of 22°C (72°F) in August, with May seeing a maximum of 33°C (91°F). For more details, you can view the monthly temperatures in Xarardheere, Gaalkacyo, and Hobyo through the provided links: monthly temperatures in Xarardheere, monthly temperatures in Gaalkacyo, and monthly temperatures in Hobyo.
Precipitation in Mudug, Somalia, is characterized by a pronounced seasonal distribution, with the majority of rainfall occurring between March and November. The month of April marks a significant increase in rainfall, receiving 52 mm (2.1 in) over approximately 10 days, as the region transitions into the peak rainy season. This is further accentuated in May, which sees the highest monthly total at 63 mm (2.5 in), although the number of rainy days slightly decreases. Following May, a gradual tapering off ensues, with June, July, and August experiencing minimal precipitation, averaging just 2-3 mm (0.1 in) over zero to three days.
As the rainy season progresses into the latter part of the year, October and November see a resurgence in precipitation, marked by 39 mm (1.5 in) and 75 mm (3.0 in) respectively. Both months are crucial for replenishing local water resources, as they typically feature moderate rainfall spread over several days—8 days in October and 10 days in November. December concludes the year with a moderate 14 mm (0.5 in) of rainfall, signaling the end of the wet season and a gradual return to dryer conditions. This seasonal rhythm of precipitation is vital for supporting the region's agriculture and overall ecosystem.
Sunshine duration in Mudug, Somalia, displays a remarkable trend characterized by a steady increase as the year progresses from winter to summer. Starting with 282 hours in January, the available sunshine rises consistently each month, peaking in March with an impressive 351 hours. This upward trajectory reflects the region's transition towards the warmer months, providing extended daylight that supports agricultural activities and daily life throughout this period. Although sunshine hours dip slightly in April, May, and June, the overall consistency remains high, with each of these months recording between 339 hours to 346 hours of sunlight.
Notably, as the wet months of October and November approach, sunshine duration remains robust, with both months recording 346 hours and 328 hours respectively. This suggests that even during the rainy season, Mudug benefits from considerable sunlight, enabling the growth of crops. December sees a return to increased sunshine, totaling 342 hours, wrapping up the year on a bright note. Overall, these trends emphasize Mudug's favorable climate for sun-dependent activities, highlighting peak sunshine months that greatly enhance the region’s agricultural potential.
The UV Index in Mudug, Somalia, consistently showcases extreme levels of ultraviolet radiation throughout the year, with values remaining high even during the cooler months. Beginning in January with a UV Index of 13, the situation escalates to a peak of 16 in April. This pattern indicates a significant exposure threat, where prolonged exposure can lead to skin damage in as little as 10 minutes. February and March maintain a UV Index of 15, reinforcing the need for protective measures as the dry season intensifies.
As the year transitions towards the wetter months, the UV Index gradually decreases but still remains notably elevated. By November, the Index drops to 12, followed by a further decline to 11 in December; however, these values still signify extreme exposure risks. Notably, throughout the year, the burn time remains constant at 10 minutes, underscoring the persistent nature of UV radiation in the region. Given these extreme UV levels, it is essential for residents and visitors to employ sun safety practices to mitigate health risks associated with prolonged sun exposure.
UV Risk Categories
Daylight duration in Mudug, Somalia, exhibits a relatively stable pattern throughout the year, oscillating between 11 to 12 hours of daylight each day. The year begins with 11 hours of daylight in January and February, setting a consistent baseline. As the pace of the year quickens, March signals the onset of slightly longer days, increasing to 12 hours, a trend that continues unabated through the months of April, May, June, and into August. This consistent daylight serves as an essential factor for agricultural practices, allowing for ample time for crop growth and other outdoor activities.
As the year approaches its end, daylight duration returns to 11 hours in October, November, and December, closing the year on a familiar note. This relatively stable daylight pattern reflects the region's equatorial proximity, leading to minimal variations across the months. Such consistency not only aids in agricultural cycles but also influences daily routines and lifestyle choices in Mudug, providing a dependable framework for both residents and the ecosystem.
Gaalkacyo, Somalia experiences a warm climate with consistently high temperatures throughout the year. January sees average temperatures around 26°C (78°F), peaking at 35°C (96°F), while the hottest months are May and April, with maximums of 38°C (101°F) and 37°C (99°F), respectively. Rainfall is minimal, with notable precipitation occurring in April and May (48 mm and 49 mm) and dry months like January and February recording 0 mm of rain. The city boasts abundant sunshine, peaking at 351 hours in March. For more details on the climate, visit Gaalkacyo climate.
Hobyo, Somalia, experiences a tropical climate characterized by warm temperatures and a distinct wet and dry season. Monthly average temperatures range from 26°C to 28°C (79°F to 83°F), peaking at 33°C (91°F) in April and May. Precipitation is minimal from June to September, while the rainy season peaks in April and November, with November receiving the highest rainfall at 94 mm (3.7 in). Sunshine is abundant throughout the year, with over 300 hours per month, particularly in March (352 hours). For more details, visit Hobyo climate.
Xarardheere, Somalia experiences a hot and dry climate, with average temperatures ranging from 25°C (77°F) in January to 28°C (82°F) in April. The region sees the most rainfall in May and November, with precipitation reaching 76 mm (3.0 in) and 91 mm (3.6 in) respectively, while other months remain relatively dry. Sunshine is plentiful throughout the year, peaking at 352 hours in March. Residents enjoy mild evenings, with temperatures often dropping to around 20°C (68°F) during the cooler months. For more detailed information, visit Xarardheere climate.
In conclusion, Mudug, Somalia, presents a unique climate characterized by high temperatures, significant sunshine duration, and extreme UV Index levels, coupled with a stable daylight pattern. The seasonal trends in temperature and precipitation highlight the region's hot semi-arid environment, while the consistent daylight hours support agricultural activities throughout the year. The persistent extreme UV conditions necessitate vigilant sun protection measures for residents and visitors alike. Together, these climatic attributes shape the ecological landscape and influence the daily lives of those in Mudug, underscoring the need for sustainable practices to adapt to and thrive in this environment.