Last updated: April 14, 2025
Ethiopia experiences a diverse climate marked by extreme temperatures and varying precipitation patterns across its regions. The temperate highlands can see temperatures plummet to a chilling -1°C (31°F) in January, particularly in Oromiya, contrasted sharply by scorching highs of 45°C (113°F) in June in the arid Āfar. Precipitation varies significantly, with 0 mm recorded in January in Bīnshangul Gumuz and a remarkable 433 mm (17.1 in) in August in Amhara. Humidity levels also fluctuate, featuring a low of 31% in March in Harari and surging to 88% in September in Gambela. This climatic variability plays a crucial role in shaping the country's rich biodiversity and agricultural practices.
Ethiopia boasts a diverse array of climate zones, shaped by its varied topography and elevation. The capital, Addis Ababa, enjoys a temperate Cwb climate, characterized by mild temperatures and distinct wet and dry seasons. The northern region of Amhara experiences both Cwb and Aw climates, while the southwestern area, including Gambela, is dominated by the warmer Aw climate. In contrast, the eastern lowlands, such as Dire Dawa and Harari, feature a hot semi-arid BSh climate. The diverse Oromiya region showcases an impressive mix of climates, including Cfb, Aw, Cwb, Am, BSh, and Cwa, reflecting its rich ecological variety. The southern SNNPR combines Cfb, Aw, and Cwb climates, while the arid regions like Āfar and Somali primarily feature the hot semi-arid BSh climate. This climatic diversity makes Ethiopia a unique and fascinating destination for climate enthusiasts and nature lovers alike.
| Climate Zone | Description |
|---|---|
| Am | Tropical monsoon climate with heavy rainfall and high temperatures. |
| Aw | Tropical savanna climate with a dry season occurring in winter. |
| BSh | Hot semi-arid climate with low rainfall and high temperatures. |
| BSk | Cold semi-arid climate with low rainfall and significant temperature variation. |
| Cfb | Oceanic climate with mild temperatures and moderate rainfall year-round. |
| Cwa | Monsoon-influenced humid subtropical climate with dry winters and hot summers. |
| Cwb | Monsoon-influenced temperate climate with dry winters and mild summers. |
Ethiopia's temperature varies widely throughout the year, showcasing a remarkable range influenced by its diverse geography. In January, the thermometer dips to a chilly -1°C (31°F) in Oromiya while soaring to a scorching 41°C (106°F) in SNNPR. As February rolls in, temperatures see a slight increase, with minimums of 3°C (39°F) in Oromiya and maximums reaching 42°C (107°F) in SNNPR. Following a similar pattern, March maintains these extremes, holding steady at 5°C (41°F) in Oromiya and peaking at 42°C (108°F) in SNNPR. The heat intensifies in the following months, particularly in May and June, where the maximum temperature in Āfar reaches its highest point of 45°C (112°F) and 45°C (113°F), respectively. Interestingly, even in the cooler months of November and December, minimums remain above freezing, with temperatures hovering around 2°C (35°F) to 1°C (35°F) in Amhara, while maximums in SNNPR and Āfar still maintain a noteworthy range of 40°C (104°F) to 40°C (105°F). Overall, Ethiopia's temperature trends highlight the contrast between cooler highland regions and the sizzling lowlands, creating a unique and varied climatic tapestry.
Ethiopia exhibits remarkable variability in precipitation patterns throughout the year, highlighting the diverse climatic conditions across the region. The driest month is January, particularly in Bīnshangul Gumuz, where recorded rainfall plummets to a minimum of 0 mm, mirroring a trend that sees Oromiya also experiencing no rainy days during this period. In contrast, the peak of the wet season arrives in August, with Amhara receiving a staggering 433 mm (17.1 in) of rain, showcasing the intense monsoonal influence that characterizes Ethiopian summers. Notably, Addis Ababa experiences consistent precipitation in July, with rainfall spanning all 31 days of the month, underlining the critical role of these seasonal rains for agriculture and water resources in the country. This dynamic interplay of precipitation highlights Ethiopia's climate as both rich and challenging, demanding adaptive strategies for its inhabitants.
Ethiopia experiences a remarkable range of humidity levels throughout the year, showcasing a diverse climatic landscape. In March, the northern region of Harari sees humidity levels dip to a minimum of 31%, creating a drier atmosphere ideal for various activities. In contrast, as the year progresses into September, the southern region of Gambela's humidity peaks at a staggering 88%, contributing to a lush and vibrant environment. This significant variation underscores the impact of seasonal changes across different areas, illustrating Ethiopia's unique climatic characteristics and the interplay between its geographical diversity and moisture levels.
Ethiopia's UV Index trends reveal significant variations throughout the year, particularly in regions like Gambela and Oromiya. In Gambela, the average daily maximum UV Index soars to an impressive 14 during August, showcasing the intensity of sunlight as the wet season approaches. Conversely, Oromiya experiences an even higher average daily max UVI of 17 in April, highlighting the peak UV exposure just before the rains begin. This data underscores the crucial need for awareness and protective measures against UV radiation, especially during these high-index months.
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Ethiopia's sunshine duration reveals intriguing patterns across its regions and seasons. In January, the sun shines brightly in both Āfar and Somali, offering 268 hours and 282 hours of sunshine respectively, setting the stage for a warm start to the year. As March rolls in, Gambela steps up with an impressive 334 hours, highlighting a shift as spring approaches. By May, Āfar takes the lead again, basking in an abundant 350 hours of sunlight. These trends not only demonstrate the regional variations in Ethiopia's climate but also emphasize how sunlight can vary significantly with the change of seasons.
Ethiopia showcases a diverse range of weather patterns, particularly when it comes to sunny days throughout the year. For instance, while Bīnshangul Gumuz experiences a mere 14% likelihood of sunny weather in July, the scenario shifts dramatically in Tigray, where the chances soar to a remarkable 87% in January. This stark contrast highlights the regional variations in Ethiopia's climate, with certain areas enjoying abundant sunshine during specific months while others remain under cloud cover. Such trends underscore the importance of understanding local weather patterns, especially for those planning activities or travel in this vibrant country.
In Ethiopia, particularly in the region of Tigray, daylight hours exhibit a noticeable variation throughout the year. In December, residents enjoy around 11 hours of daylight, providing a cozy, albeit shorter, day during the cooler months. Conversely, by June, daylight extends to approximately 12 hours, allowing for longer, sunlit days as the region warms up. This gradual increase in daylight from December to June reflects the shifting seasons, presenting opportunities for both outdoor activities and agricultural tasks that align with Ethiopia's vibrant cultural and natural rhythms.
Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, boasts a mild climate characterized by moderate temperatures throughout the year. With temperatures ranging from a chilly 0°C (32°F) in January to a comfortable 29°C (84°F) in April and March, it's a city that remains largely pleasant. However, the rainy season from June to August brings significant precipitation, often exceeding 400 mm (16 in), accompanied by higher humidity levels peaking in July and August. Visitors can expect cool and breezy evenings, especially in the drier months, making it an ideal time for outdoor exploration. Discover more about the city's weather patterns in detail at Addis Ababa climate.
The climate in Amhara, Ethiopia, is marked by a striking contrast between warm and wet seasons. From January to March, temperatures fluctuate between a crisp 2°C to 36°C, while the humidity remains relatively low, creating a pleasant atmosphere. As the rains begin in April, the region transforms, with May and July experiencing peak rainfall, reaching up to 433 mm, accompanied by increased humidity levels that soar to 84%. In the dry months from October to December, temperatures cool down, averaging around 18°C, offering a refreshing reprieve from the wet season. For a deeper exploration of this diverse climate, visit Amhara climate.
Bīnshangul Gumuz, Ethiopia, experiences a tropical climate characterized by warm temperatures and distinct wet and dry seasons. January ushers in the dry season with average temperatures around 24°C (76°F), gradually escalating to hotter highs of 37°C (98°F) in April. As the rainy season begins in May, rainfall peaks, bringing heavy showers and humidity levels soaring to 77%. By September, the province is at its most humid, with up to 224 mm of rain, making the atmosphere lush and vibrant. For a deeper dive into the region's unique climatic patterns, visit Bīnshangul Gumuz climate.
The climate in Dire Dawa, Ethiopia is characterized by a warm, tropical ambience, where temperatures range from a cool 7°C (45°F) in January to a pleasant 31°C (87°F) in March and April. As the year unfolds, precipitation peaks between March and August, with April and May receiving the most rain, making the landscape lush and vibrant. Humidity fluctuates, with the highest levels recorded in November (74%) and the most comfortable conditions seen during the cooler months. Despite the rainy season, visitors can enjoy a diverse climate, perfect for exploring the region's rich culture and stunning scenery. For detailed insights, check out the full Dire Dawa climate information.
Gambela, Ethiopia, boasts a tropical savanna climate characterized by warm temperatures year-round and a distinct wet season. From January to March, the region experiences its hottest days, with average highs reaching up to 41°C (106°F), while the cooler months from June to August see temperatures drop to around 25°C (77°F). Precipitation sharply increases between April and August, with July receiving the highest rainfall at 141 mm (5.5 in), leading to a lush environment. Humidity levels also rise during these months, peaking at an impressive 88% in September. For a detailed look at Gambela's climate, check out Gambela climate.
Nestled in the heart of Ethiopia, Harari experiences a mild climate characterized by comfortable temperatures year-round. January begins with cool mornings around 7°C (46°F) and peaks near 28°C (82°F) in the afternoons, while the warmth subtly increases through the months, reaching mild conditions in March and April. The rainy season lasts from April to September, with May seeing the highest precipitation at 142 mm (5.6 in), contributing to lush landscapes and vibrant vegetation. Despite variations in humidity—ranging from 31% in March to 74% in November—Harari's overall climate promotes a pleasant environment for both residents and visitors alike. For more details, visit Harari climate.
The climate in Oromiya, Ethiopia showcases a striking range of temperatures and precipitation patterns throughout the year. January offers mild conditions with lows around -1°C and average highs reaching 36°C, while the rainy season blooms dramatically from May to August, with peaks of over 230 mm of rain in August. Humidity rises significantly during these months, soaring to 81%, making the air feel heavy and alive. In contrast, the drier months from December to February feature lower humidity and milder temperatures, making for a refreshing escape. For a deeper look into the region's diverse climate, visit Oromiya climate.
The climate in SNNPR, Ethiopia, is characterized by a striking contrast between warm temperatures and seasonal rains. January begins with cool temperatures that range from a chilly 3°C to a scorching 41°C, while humidity levels hover around 52%. As the months progress, April and May deliver significant rainfall, peaking at 216 mm and 249 mm, which transforms the region into a lush green landscape by mid-year. By August, as humidity rises to 79%, the region experiences nearly continual moisture, leading to a vibrant ecosystem. These climatic conditions not only define the local weather but also significantly influence the agricultural practices and lifestyle of the inhabitants, making SNNPR climate a fascinating subject of study.
The climate in the Somali region of Ethiopia is characterized by warm temperatures and distinct seasons. January kicks off the year with mild temperatures averaging 19°C (67°F), gradually warming up to 32°C (90°F) by April and May. During the rainy season, from April to June, precipitation increases significantly, peaking in May with 96 mm (3.8 in) of rainfall. Despite the moisture, humidity remains moderate, particularly in the months following the rains. For those interested in a deeper dive into the unique weather patterns of this region, visit Somali climate.
The climate in Tigray, Ethiopia, is characterized by significant seasonal variation, making it a region of contrasts. Temperatures range from a chilly 4°C (39°F) in January to a warm 37°C (99°F) in June, while precipitation peaks dramatically in the summer months, with July and August receiving nearly 289 mm (11.4 in) and 349 mm (13.7 in), respectively. This intense rainfall contributes to the region's lush landscapes, but it is balanced by relatively dry months like October and November, where humidity levels soften to around 58%. These dynamic weather patterns create a unique environment that supports diverse ecosystems and agricultural practices. For a deeper understanding, explore the full details on the Tigray climate.
Nestled in the heart of Ethiopia, Āfar experiences a climate marked by striking contrasts and a warm embrace. Temperatures soar from a balmy 25°C (78°F) in January to a scorching 45°C (112°F) in May and June, while cooler months bring an average of 26°C (78°F) in December. Rainfall varies throughout the year, peaking at 56 mm (2.2 in) in May, contributing to the region's unique dry and wet seasons. Humidity levels fluctuate, reaching a high of 72% in November, adding a layer of richness to the air. This diverse weather pattern makes Āfar an intriguing destination for those interested in exploring the effects of climate on local culture and lifestyle. Discover more about the area in detail at Āfar climate.
Ethiopia's climate is a captivating tapestry woven from extremes and diversity, showcasing dramatic temperature fluctuations and varied precipitation levels across its regions. In January, the mercury can dip to a chilling -1°C (31°F) in Oromiya, while just a few months later, the Āfar region bakes under a scorching 45°C (113°F) in June. Precipitation patterns reflect a remarkable contrast, with Amhara receiving a staggering 433 mm (17.1 in) in August, while Bīnshangul Gumuz sees virtually no rain at all during January. Humidity levels further illustrate Ethiopia's climatic complexity; March experiences a dry 31% in Harari, while September’s Gambela envelops the region in an oppressive 88% humidity. This intricate interplay of temperature, precipitation, and humidity not only shapes the country's ecosystem but also profoundly influences the daily lives of its inhabitants, reflecting Ethiopia's unique position within the African climatic landscape.