Last updated: January 18, 2025
Matruh, Egypt, classified under the Köppen-Geiger climate classification as a BWh, experiences a hot desert climate characterized by distinct temperature variations throughout the year. January sees the coldest temperatures, dipping to a minimum of 0°C (33°F), while the mercury soars to a scorching maximum of 45°C (114°F) in July, embodying the peak of summer heat. On average, the city's temperatures hover around a pleasant 21°C (70°F), offering a glimpse into the region's overall climatic conditions. This temperature profile highlights Matruh's arid nature, influenced by its geographical position and prevailing weather patterns.
In Matruh, Egypt, temperature patterns exhibit distinct seasonal variations, with winter months marked by cooler averages and the peak summer months experiencing intense heat. January kicks off the year with minimum temperatures dropping to 0°C (33°F) and a mild average of 13°C (55°F), gradually warming through February and March, where maximums can reach 37°C (100°F). As spring unfolds in April and May, temperatures rise sharply, with max readings soaring to 42°C (109°F) and 44°C (112°F) respectively. The summer months of June and July are characterized by consistently high temperatures, with July often peaking at 45°C (114°F), while nighttime lows begin at 20°C (68°F). The heat begins to wane in August, transitioning into more temperate conditions by September, where average temperatures drop to 26°C (80°F). As autumn approaches, October's averages settle back around 23°C (75°F), leading into November and December, which bring cooler temperatures, with December reaching a maximum of 26°C (78°F). Overall, Matruh's climate reflects a clear progression from mild winters to scorching summers, followed by a gradual return to cooler conditions.
Mersa Matruh experiences a minimum temperature of 5°C (41°F) in January and peaks at 44°C (112°F) in July, making its climate quite extreme. In contrast, Al Alamayn has a slightly colder January with a low of 4°C (40°F) and reaches a maximum of 44°C (111°F) in May. The Siwa Oasis presents the most drastic temperature variability, starting at a chilling 0°C (33°F) in January and soaring to 45°C (114°F) in July. For more details, explore the monthly temperatures in Mersa Matruh, AlAlamayn, and Siwa Oasis.
Precipitation in Matruh, Egypt, is minimal and concentrated primarily in the winter months, reflecting the region's arid desert climate. January and December are the wettest months, each averaging 12-13 mm (0.5 in) of rainfall, typically occurring over one to three days. February follows closely behind with 11 mm (0.4 in), while March sees a slight decrease to 10 mm (0.4 in). The transition to warmer months results in a dramatic drop in precipitation, with April, May, and June receiving negligible rainfall, culminating in complete dryness during the peak summer months of July and August.
As autumn approaches, light precipitation re-emerges in October with 7 mm (0.3 in), followed by minimal amounts in September and November, which receive just 1 mm (0.0 in) and 13 mm (0.5 in) respectively. The occurrence of rainfall is infrequent throughout the year, with only a handful of days experiencing measurable precipitation, emphasizing Matruh's classification as a desert climate characterized by prolonged dry spells and sporadic winter rains.
In Matruh, Egypt, sunshine duration vividly illustrates the region's shift from cool winter to hot summer, showcasing a clear seasonal trend. Starting with 235 hours in January, sunshine hours progressively increase each month, peaking in the summer. By July, Matruh experiences its highest monthly total of 407 hours, providing an abundance of sunlight that characterizes the intense heat of the season. This upward trajectory is notable from February, where 280 hours are recorded, culminating in nearly 400 hours of sunshine by June. The gradual rise in sunlight not only enhances the warmth but also plays a significant role in the region's agriculture and tourism.
As autumn sets in, the sunny conditions remain relatively abundant, with September recording 347 hours of sunshine before tapering off through October and November, where totals decrease to 329 hours and 292 hours, respectively. December offers a drop to 282 hours, reinforcing the trend of reduced sunlight as winter approaches. Overall, the data highlights Matruh's climatic rhythm, from generous sunshine in the summer months to comparatively less sunlight during the winter—a feature characteristic of desert climates that influences both daily life and seasonal activities.
The UV Index in Matruh, Egypt, exhibits significant seasonal variation, reflecting the intensity of solar radiation throughout the year. Starting at a moderate index of 5 in January, the UV intensity peaks dramatically as the months progress. By March, the UV Index escalates to 10, categorized as very high, emphasizing the need for increased sun protection. This trend reaches its zenith in April and May, where the index spikes to 11-12, classified as extreme, and indicates that sunburn can occur within just 10 minutes of exposure. The potential for skin damage necessitates careful planning for outdoor activities during these months.
Throughout the summer, UV levels remain critically high, with July and August maintaining an index of 12, while September begins a gradual decline to 11. As autumn approaches, the UV Index decreases to 9 in October and further down to 7 in November, allowing for a more comfortable outdoor experience. The cycle concludes with a return to a moderate index of 5 in December. This data underscores the importance of awareness regarding sun safety in Matruh, particularly during the extreme months, where even short exposure can lead to harmful effects.
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In Matruh, Egypt, daylight duration follows a predictable seasonal pattern that influences daily activities and the overall lifestyle of its residents. Beginning the year with approximately 10 hours of daylight in January, the length of sunny days gradually increases through February and March, where it remains stable at 11 hours. As spring unfolds, daylight expands further, reaching 12 hours in April and continuing to grow, culminating in the 14 hours of sunlight typical of June. This increase in daylight illuminates the long summer days, providing ample opportunity for outdoor pursuits and social activities.
As summer transitions into autumn, daylight duration stabilizes at about 13 hours during July and August, before beginning to gradually decline in September to 12 hours. The decrease continues into October and November, where daylight once again drops to 11 hours and finally settles back at 10 hours in both December and January. This cyclical pattern of daylight underscores the rhythm of seasons in Matruh, characterized by longer, sun-filled days in summer and shorter daylight periods in winter, shaping the region's climatic identity and daily routines.
The climate in Al Alamayn, Egypt, is characterized by mild winters and extremely hot summers. January temperatures range from a minimum of 4°C (40°F) to a maximum of 25°C (78°F), while July sees highs up to 41°C (107°F). Precipitation is minimal throughout the year, with the bulk occurring in the winter months, peaking at 16 mm (0.6 in) in March. The area enjoys abundant sunshine, especially in summer, which boasts over 400 hours in July. For more insights, visit [AlAlamayn climate](/climate/egypt/matruh/al--alamayn.html).
As Sallum, Egypt experiences a hot desert climate with mild winters and scorching summers. Temperature averages range from 13°C (56°F) in January to 27°C (81°F) in August, peaking at 39°C (102°F) in July. Rainfall is minimal, with the wettest months being January and November, receiving only 18 mm (0.7 in) and 24 mm (0.9 in) respectively. Sunshine is abundant throughout the year, particularly in the summer months, with July boasting around 411 hours of sunlight. For more detailed insights, visit As Sallum climate.
Mersa Matruh, Egypt experiences a Mediterranean climate with hot summers and mild winters. January temperatures range from a minimum of 5°C (41°F) to a maximum of 24°C (76°F), while July can see highs reaching up to 44°C (112°F). Precipitation is minimal, with the driest months in summer, yet January to March receives the most rain, totaling around 14 mm (0.6 in) in March. Sunshine is abundant, peaking in July with about 408 hours of sunlight. For more details, visit Mersa Matruh climate.
Sidi Barani, Egypt, experiences a warm climate with significant temperature variations throughout the year. Winter months like January and February have mild temperatures, averaging around 13-14°C (56-58°F), while summer peaks in July can reach up to 42°C (108°F). Precipitation is minimal, particularly from May to August, demonstrating the dry conditions typical of the region. The city enjoys abundant sunshine, especially in the summer months, with July boasting around 410 hours of sunlight. For more detailed climate information, visit Sidi Barani climate.
Siwa Oasis, Egypt, experiences a desert climate characterized by hot summers and mild winters. From January to March, temperatures gradually rise, with averages reaching 17°C (63°F) in March, while summer months see soaring highs peaking at 45°C (114°F) in July. Precipitation is minimal throughout the year, with nearly no rainfall from May to October, and sunlight is abundant, particularly in July with 401 hours. For more details on the climate, visit the Siwa Oasis climate.
In conclusion, the climate and environmental parameters of Matruh, Egypt, present a vivid showcase of a desert ecosystem characterized by its distinct seasonal variations. From the scorching summer months that provide an abundance of sunlight and extreme UV exposure to the cooler winter periods marked by minimal rainfall and moderate temperatures, Matruh exemplifies the resilience of life in arid conditions. The pronounced shifts in temperature, sunshine duration, and UV Index not only highlight the challenges posed by such a climate but also define the daily rhythms and outdoor activities that shape the lives of its inhabitants. Understanding these patterns is essential for both residents and visitors alike, as it promotes awareness and preparedness for the unique climatic conditions that Matruh presents throughout the year.