Last updated: January 18, 2025
Northern Mindanao, Philippines, is characterized by a tropical rainforest climate (Af) and a tropical monsoon climate (Am) according to the Köppen-Geiger classification. The region experiences a coolest month in February with minimum temperatures dropping to 14°C (57°F), while the average temperature throughout the year settles at a comfortable 26°C (78°F). The heat peaks in September, when maximum temperatures can soar to an intense 38°C (101°F). This climatic profile underscores the region's remarkable temperature variability and rich biodiversity, making it a unique ecological zone.
Temperature patterns in Northern Mindanao, Philippines, exhibit a distinct seasonal rhythm characterized by mild minimums and warm maximums throughout the year. The cooler months of January and February register minimum temperatures around 14-15°C (57-59°F), transitioning into slightly warmer conditions in March and April, where maximums peak at 37-38°C (99-101°F). May marks the onset of sustained heat, with maximum temperatures consistently reaching 38°C (100°F), while the average temperature remains stable around 26°C (79°F). The mid-year months of June through August maintain a steady average, with minimums hovering between 17-17°C (62-62°F) and maximums around 37°C (99°F). As the year concludes, temperatures begin their descent again, with December seeing minimums drop to 14°C (58°F) and maximums decrease to 35°C (96°F). This seasonal pattern highlights Northern Mindanao’s warm and humid tropical climate, punctuated by subtle fluctuations in temperature that reflect the transition from cooler to hotter months.
In March, Quezon experiences a minimum temperature of 17°C (63°F) and peaks at 36°C (97°F) in April, offering a warm climate for its residents. Meanwhile, Bacolod has a slightly warmer minimum of 19°C (66°F) in February, with a maximum reaching 33°C (92°F) in April. Cagayan de Oro records a minimum of 18°C (65°F) in February and a maximum of 32°C (90°F) in April. For detailed insights into the monthly temperatures, you can visit the respective links: monthly temperatures in Quezon, monthly temperatures in Bacolod, and monthly temperatures in Cagayan de Oro.
Precipitation in Northern Mindanao, Philippines, exhibits a notable fluctuation throughout the year, with the region experiencing its highest rainfall during the mid-year months. January starts the year with significant rainfall at 219 mm (8.6 in) over approximately 20 days, setting a wetter tone that continues into February. The months of March and April see a decrease in rainfall, recording 134 mm (5.3 in) and 128 mm (5.1 in) respectively, as drier conditions prevail. However, May heralds a sharp increase, with precipitation escalating to 276 mm (10.9 in), signaling the onset of the peak rainy season.
The months of June through October mark the peak of precipitation in Northern Mindanao, with June receiving 301 mm (11.9 in) and October reaching 306 mm (12.1 in), both accumulating substantial rainfall days—26 and 27 days respectively. September follows closely with 281 mm (11.1 in), while August records 242 mm (9.5 in). This wet period tapers off in November and December, with rainfall decreasing to 213 mm (8.4 in) and 238 mm (9.4 in), yet still maintaining a robust number of rainy days. Overall, the seasonal rhythm of precipitation emphasizes a clear wet and dry cycle, crucial for the region's agriculture and ecosystems.
In Northern Mindanao, Philippines, sunshine duration exhibits a distinct seasonal trend, with a notable increase as the region transitions from the cooler months of January and February into the warmth of spring. January begins with 216 hours of sunshine, gradually rising to 262 hours in February. This upward trajectory continues through March, where the region enjoys the maximum sunlight of the year at 297 hours. April and May maintain this high level of sunshine, recorded at 294 and 293 hours, respectively, making these months ideal for outdoor activities and agricultural growth.
However, as the rainy season approaches, there is a gradual decline in sunshine hours from June to October. June experiences 269 hours, slightly diminishing to 254 hours in October, which reflects the increased cloud cover and rainy days characteristic of this period. Notably, September sees 258 hours of sunshine, marking a brief resurgence before the sunniest months fade. In the closing months of the year, November and December exhibit a rebound in sunshine duration, with 261 and 265 hours, respectively, suggesting a balanced climate that alternates between bright sunny days and rain. This pattern underscores the essential role of sunshine in supporting the region's rich biodiversity and agricultural practices.
In Northern Mindanao, Philippines, the UV Index consistently remains in the extreme category, indicating a significant risk of harm from unprotected sun exposure throughout the year. The index reaches its peak in March and April, with values of 17, translating to a critical burn time of just 10 minutes. This high UV radiation during these months emphasizes the importance of sun protection, as prolonged exposure can lead to serious skin damage and increase the likelihood of skin cancer. Similarly, February mirrors this trend with a UV Index of 15, reinforcing the need for awareness during the early months of the year.
As the year progresses, the UV Index remains predominantly high, fluctuating slightly between 12 and 15 from May to November. July and October record a UV Index of 14, while November sees a slight decrease to 13 and December further decreases to 12. Despite this gradual decline towards the end of the year, the UV Index remains in the extreme range, maintaining a 10-minute burn time across the board. Residents and visitors alike are encouraged to take diligent precautions, such as wearing protective clothing, applying sunscreen, and seeking shade during peak sun hours, to safeguard their health against the sustained high UV exposure in this tropical region.
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Daylight duration in Northern Mindanao, Philippines, exhibits a consistent pattern throughout the year, largely characterized by a balance between 11 to 12 hours of sunlight each day. January and February each provide a steady 11 hours of daylight, fostering a gentle transition into the longer daylight months that follow. By March, the region experiences a slight increase in daylight to 12 hours, a pattern that continues through the warmer months of April, May, and into June. This abundance of sunlight during the first half of the year benefits agricultural activities and outdoor pursuits, making it an ideal time for both locals and tourists alike.
As the year progresses into the later months, daylight duration gradually diminishes back to 11 hours in October through December. From July to September, daylight remains stable at 12 hours, reflecting the equatorial nature of Northern Mindanao, where day length is less variable compared to higher latitudes. This consistent daylight exposure contributes to the region's rich biodiversity and influences various cultural practices tied to farming cycles. Overall, the steady rhythm of daylight plays a crucial role in shaping the lifestyle and natural environment of Northern Mindanao.
Bacolod, Philippines, experiences a tropical climate characterized by warm temperatures and significant rainfall throughout the year. Average temperatures range from 25°C (77°F) to 26°C (79°F), with highs peaking at 33°C (92°F) in April. The wettest months are May and June, receiving over 344 mm (13.6 in) and 371 mm (14.6 in) of rain, respectively. Despite the rainfall, Bacolod enjoys ample sunshine, particularly in February and March, with up to 298 hours of sunlight. For more detailed information, visit the Bacolod climate.
Bonifacio, Philippines, experiences a tropical climate characterized by warm temperatures and significant rainfall. Average daily temperatures range from a minimum of 20°C (68°F) in February to a maximum of 38°C (101°F) in April, with consistent averages around 27°C (81°F). Precipitation peaks in September at 402 mm (15.8 in), marking the wettest month, while the sun shines brightly, especially in March when it averages 301 hours. For more detailed climate data, visit Bonifacio climate.
Cagayan de Oro, Philippines experiences a tropical climate characterized by warm temperatures and distinct wet and dry seasons. The average monthly temperatures range from 25°C (77°F) to 26°C (79°F), with maximums climbing as high as 32°C (90°F) in April, May, and July. Rainfall is significant, particularly from May to July, with May receiving the highest precipitation of 419 mm (16.5 in). Despite the substantial rain, the city enjoys several sunny days, with March typically offering the most sunshine at 293 hours. For more details, visit Cagayan de Oro climate.
Calamba, Philippines, experiences a tropical climate characterized by warm temperatures and significant rainfall throughout the year. Monthly average temperatures range from 26°C (79°F) in January to 27°C (81°F) from April to November, with maximums reaching up to 31°C (88°F) during the peak months of June to September. Rainfall is most prevalent from January to December, peaking in January and December at 258 mm (10.1 in) and 279 mm (11.0 in), respectively. Despite the rainfall, the region enjoys ample sunshine, with March averaging 299 hours of sun. For more detailed information, visit Calamba climate.
Iligan, Philippines, experiences a tropical climate characterized by warm temperatures year-round, with average daily highs ranging from 26°C (79°F) in cooler months to 33°C (92°F) during the hottest months. Rainfall is substantial, particularly in May and June, which see over 250 mm of precipitation, while February typically has the least at 184 mm. Sunshine is abundant, with March and April boasting nearly 300 hours of sunlight. The combination of heat and humidity makes it a distinct tropical locale, ideal for those who enjoy a warm climate. For more detailed information, visit Iligan climate.
Malaybalay, Philippines experiences a tropical climate characterized by warm temperatures and significant rainfall throughout the year. Monthly average temperatures range from 22°C (73°F) in the cooler months to 24°C (75°F) during the warmer months, while maximum temperatures peak at 33°C (91°F) in May. The rainy season typically spans from June to October, with precipitation levels reaching up to 357 mm (14.0 in) in October. Despite the rain, the region enjoys ample sunshine, particularly from March to May, where monthly sunshine hours exceed 287. For more details, visit Malaybalay climate.
Mambajao, Philippines, enjoys a tropical climate characterized by warm temperatures throughout the year, with averages ranging from 26°C (79°F) in January and February to a peak of 28°C (82°F) in several months. The region experiences significant rainfall, particularly in October, with total precipitation reaching up to 237 mm (9.3 in). Sunshine is plentiful, peaking at 319 hours in May, which enhances the warm, tropical feel. For more detailed information, visit Mambajao climate.
Quezon, Philippines experiences a tropical climate characterized by warm temperatures and significant rainfall. Average monthly temperatures range from a minimum of 17°C (63°F) in March to a maximum of 36°C (97°F) in April. The region sees its highest precipitation in July, with about 291 mm (11.5 in), and the driest month being March at 96 mm (3.8 in). Sunshine is abundant, peaking at 296 hours in March, contributing to a vibrant environment. For more detailed information, visit Quezon climate.
In summary, Northern Mindanao, Philippines, showcases a distinctive climate characterized by a tropical rainforest and monsoon climate, coupled with significant seasonal variations in temperature, precipitation, sunshine duration, UV Index, and daylight duration. The region experiences warm temperatures year-round, with notable peaks during the summer months, while rainfall patterns highlight a distinct wet season that supports its lush biodiversity. Furthermore, the high UV Index underscores the necessity for sun protection throughout the year, particularly during the sunniest months. The consistent daylight duration reinforces the region's agricultural productivity and cultural rhythms. Together, these climatic and environmental factors create a vibrant ecological system that is both unique and vital for the local communities and ecosystems.