Last updated: January 18, 2025
The climate of the Cordillera region in the Philippines is characterized by a diverse range of conditions as classified by the Köppen-Geiger climate system, predominantly featuring Cwb, Am, and Af classes. Temperatures exhibit considerable variability, with minimum values reaching as low as 8°C (46°F) in January, indicating cooler conditions during the dry season. In contrast, the area experiences an average temperature of approximately 23°C (74°F) throughout the year, with peak temperatures soaring to a scorching 41°C (106°F) during the sweltering month of May. These climatic conditions greatly influence the region's biodiversity, agriculture, and overall ecology.
The temperature patterns in the Cordillera region of the Philippines exhibit distinct seasonal trends, characterized by a gradual warming from the dry season into the sweltering summer months. January and February experience cooler temperatures with minimums around 8°C (46°F) and 8°C (47°F), while averages remain stable at 21°C (70°F), culminating in maxima of 34°C (93°F) and 35°C (95°F), respectively. As the dry season progresses into March and April, a noticeable rise in temperature occurs, with minimums increasing to 10°C (51°F) in March and 12°C (54°F) in April, and maxima peaking at 39°C (102°F) in April. May marks the transition to the hotter months, reaching a maximum of 41°C (106°F), while June retains similar high temperatures but introduces a slight drop in minimums. The mid-year months of July and August bring a slight reprieve, with consistent averages around 24°C (75°F), suggesting a more temperate climate before temperatures gradually cool again in the fall. Overall, the temperature dynamics showcase a clear seasonal pattern, oscillating between cooler dry months and notably hotter late spring and early summer periods.
Baguio experiences a mild climate with temperatures ranging from a minimum of 17°C (62°F) in January to a maximum of 31°C (89°F) in May, making it a pleasant destination year-round (monthly temperatures in Baguio). In contrast, both Banaue and Sagada have cooler averages, with minimum temperatures of 8°C (46°F) in January and maximums reaching 29°C (85°F) in May, providing a refreshing ambiance for visitors (monthly temperatures in Banaue; monthly temperatures in Sagada).
The precipitation patterns in the Cordillera region of the Philippines showcase a distinct wet and dry season, heavily influenced by the monsoon system. January and February are relatively dry, recording 97 mm (3.8 in) and 82 mm (3.2 in) respectively, with rain falling on approximately 11 days each month. As the year progresses into March and April, precipitation steadily increases, culminating in 119 mm (4.7 in) by April. This trend accelerates dramatically in May, where rainfall soars to 277 mm (10.9 in), signaling the onset of the wet season.
The peak of the rainy season is observed during the months of June, July, and August, where precipitation reaches staggering levels of 349 mm (13.8 in), 537 mm (21.1 in), and 524 mm (20.6 in), respectively. July stands out as the wettest month, with rainfall occurring on 29 days, contributing to the total annual precipitation and influencing the region's lush biodiversity. As the year transitions to the latter months, rainfall begins to taper off, with October accumulating 302 mm (11.9 in), followed by a gradual decrease in November and December, yielding 189 mm (7.4 in) and 166 mm (6.5 in), respectively. This seasonal variation illustrates the climatic shifts that dramatically impact the environment and agricultural practices in the region.
In the Cordillera region of the Philippines, sunshine duration exhibits a clear seasonal progression, with an upward trend during the early months of the year, leading into the summer. Starting from 231 hours in January, the hours of sunshine steadily increase, reaching 268 hours in February and peaking at 311 hours in March. This builds momentum as April and May follow closely, maintaining an impressive amount of sunlight with 307 hours and 312 hours, respectively. These months represent the height of the sunshine season, making them optimal for outdoor activities and agricultural productivity, as they capitalize on the abundant natural light.
As the wet season approaches, weather patterns shift, resulting in a gradual decline in sunshine hours from June onwards. The region experiences 289 hours of sunshine in June, tapering down to 269 hours in July and 251 hours in August, coinciding with the peak of the rainy season when cloud cover increases. The subsequent months show a slight recovery in sunlight hours, with September recording 263 hours and October slightly higher at 272 hours. November and December bring a further drop to 261 hours and 267 hours, respectively, marking a return to the shorter daylight months. Overall, the seasonal dynamics of sunshine duration in the Cordillera illustrate a cycle that supports both the region's climate and its agriculture.
In the Cordillera region of the Philippines, the UV Index presents a significant health hazard, particularly during the peak months of January through April. Throughout this period, the UV Index consistently registers in the extreme category, with values escalating from 11 in January to a peak of 16 in April. This underscores the urgent need for sun protection, as the burn time is notably short at just 10 minutes, prompting residents and visitors to take preventive measures against harmful UV radiation. February and March experience slightly heightened levels, at 14 and 15, respectively, emphasizing the importance of vigilance during these months.
As the dry season gives way to increased rainfall in the summer months, the UV Index remains notably high, fluctuating between 14 and 15 from May through October, maintaining the extreme exposure category with a constant burn time of 10 minutes. Even as October approaches, a slight dip to 14 signifies the beginning of seasonal change. November sees a drop to 11, while December’s UV Index declines further to 10, categorizing it as very high with an increased burn time of 15 minutes. The persistence of elevated UV levels throughout most of the year indicates a continuous risk for skin damage, warranting ongoing awareness and protective actions against UV exposure in this mountainous region.
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In the Cordillera region of the Philippines, daylight duration exhibits subtle seasonal variations, primarily influenced by geographical positioning rather than dramatic shifts. January and February each provide approximately 11 hours of daylight, laying the groundwork for a gradual increase as the year progresses. By March, daylight extends to 12 hours, a change that remains consistent through April and May, allowing for longer days that enhance opportunities for agricultural activities and outdoor pursuits.
As the rainy season approaches, daylight duration continues to stabilize at 13 hours during June and July, presenting the longest days of the year. This peak in sunlight provides ample time for crops to thrive in the typically lush environment of the region. However, as the months transition into late summer and autumn, daylight begins to taper off, dropping back to 12 hours in August and September. October through December sees a return to 11-hour days, underscoring a cyclical pattern that aligns with the region's climate, ultimately reflecting the consistency of daylight in this mountainous landscape.
Baguio, Philippines, enjoys a temperate climate characterized by mild temperatures throughout the year, with averages ranging from 23°C (74°F) in January and February to 26°C (79°F) from June to September. The city experiences significant rainfall, peaking in July and August with over 700 mm, while the driest months are January and February. Sunshine hours vary from a high of 314 hours in March to a low of 236 hours in August. Overall, Baguio's climate is ideal for those seeking a cool escape from the heat of lower altitudes. For more detailed information, visit Baguio climate.
Banaue, Philippines, experiences a temperate climate characterized by mild temperatures and significant rainfall, particularly from May to August. Average temperatures range from a cool 8°C (46°F) in January to a warm 29°C (85°F) in May, while the region sees peak precipitation in July and August, with over 480 mm (19 in) of rain. The dry months, particularly February and March, enjoy more sunshine, averaging over 310 hours. For a comprehensive overview of the weather patterns in the area, visit Banaue climate.
Bontoc, Philippines experiences a mild climate with temperatures ranging from a minimum of 8°C (46°F) in January to a maximum of 29°C (85°F) in May. Rainfall is significant, particularly from June to August, when monthly precipitation averages exceed 400 mm (15.7 in), peaking at 486 mm (19.1 in) in August. The region enjoys ample sunshine, with March having the highest at 313 hours. Overall, Bontoc's climate is characterized by cool temperatures, substantial rainfall, and consistent sunlight throughout the year. For more details, visit Bontoc climate.
Flora, Philippines experiences a tropical climate characterized by warm temperatures and significant rainfall throughout the year. Average temperatures range from 24°C (76°F) in January to 29°C (85°F) in May, peaking at a maximum of 38°C (100°F) in May. The rainy season sees heavy precipitation from June to November, with November receiving the highest rainfall at 381 mm (15.0 in). Sunshine hours are abundant, particularly in March and April, which enjoy over 290 hours of sunlight. For more detailed information, visit Flora climate.
La Trinidad, Philippines experiences a tropical climate characterized by warm temperatures and significant rainfall. Average monthly temperatures range from 23°C (74°F) in January and February to 26°C (79°F) from May to September, peaking at a maximum of 31°C (88°F) in April to September. The area receives heavy precipitation, particularly in July and August, with rainfall averaging 687 mm (27.1 in) and 742 mm (29.2 in) respectively. Sunshine hours are abundant, peaking at 314 hours in March, reflecting the region's overall climatic diversity. For more detailed information, visit La Trinidad climate.
Sagada, Philippines enjoys a cool temperate climate with average temperatures ranging from 17°C (63°F) in January to 21°C (70°F) during the warmer months of May and June. The region experiences significant rainfall, particularly from June to August, with July recording the highest precipitation at 464 mm (18.3 in). Despite the rainfall, Sagada benefits from ample sunshine, peaking at 313 hours in March. This unique weather pattern contributes to its lush landscapes and makes it a popular destination for visitors seeking both adventure and tranquility. For more detailed information, visit Sagada climate.
In conclusion, the climate dynamics of the Cordillera region in the Philippines reveal a complex interplay of temperature, precipitation, sunshine duration, UV Index, and daylight hours that profoundly influence the local environment and livelihoods. The region experiences distinct seasonal patterns, characterized by warm temperatures and significant rainfall during the wet season, alongside high UV exposure that necessitates protective measures. The variations in sunlight duration also play a pivotal role in agricultural productivity, supporting the diverse ecosystems that thrive in this area. Understanding these climatic elements is essential for local communities, policymakers, and researchers alike, as they navigate the challenges and opportunities presented by a changing climate.