Last updated: January 18, 2025
Assam, India, exhibits a Köppen-Geiger climate classification of Cwa, characterized by a humid subtropical climate. This region experiences seasonal temperature fluctuations, with January showcasing a minimum temperature of 5°C (41°F), ideal for the winter crispness. The average temperature throughout the year hovers around 24°C (76°F), providing a mild and inviting atmosphere. In stark contrast, the peak of summer in April can escalate temperatures up to 39°C (103°F), reflecting the intense heat typical of this period. Such climatic dynamics shape the region's diverse ecosystems and agricultural practices, making Assam a unique study in the interplay of temperatures and seasonal changes.
The temperature patterns in Assam, India, reveal a distinct seasonal progression throughout the year. Winter months, particularly January, feature the coolest temperatures, with minimums around 5°C (41°F) and mild averages of 17°C (63°F), transitioning into spring in February as temperatures gradually rise. By March, warmer days begin to emerge, culminating in the peak heat of summer, marked by maximum temperatures soaring to 39°C (102-103°F) in April and persisting through June. The monsoon season from June to September brings high humidity, with minimal temperature fluctuations around 22°C (72°F) to 29°C (85°F). As the year progresses towards autumn, October and November witness a slight cooling, with average temperatures dipping to the 20s°C, while December ushers in winter once again, closing the cycle with a return to cooler conditions. This rhythmic pattern illustrates Assam's dynamic climate, influenced by both seasonal variations and geographical factors.
Tezpur experiences a minimum temperature of 8°C (46°F) in January, rising to a maximum of 38°C (100°F) in June, as detailed in the monthly temperatures in Tezpur. Similarly, Jorhat has a minimum of 8°C (47°F) in January and peaks at 38°C (101°F) in August, which can be found in the monthly temperatures in Jorhat. Meanwhile, Guwahati's temperatures range from a low of 9°C (49°F) in January to a high of 38°C (100°F) in August, as noted in the monthly temperatures in Guwahati.
Precipitation in Assam, India, displays significant variation throughout the year, strongly influenced by the monsoon season. Starting with January, the region experiences minimal rainfall, registering just 16 mm (0.6 in) over 2 days. This gradually increases in February to 37 mm (1.5 in), signaling the end of winter and the approach of spring. As the months progress into March and April, rainfall intensifies dramatically, accumulating 87 mm (3.4 in) and 190 mm (7.5 in), respectively. May marks the onset of the monsoon, with precipitation surging to an impressive 334 mm (13.1 in) spread over 24 days, preparing the landscape for the heavy rains that follow.
The peak of Assam's rainy season occurs in July, where an astounding 529 mm (20.8 in) falls over 29 days, marking it as the wettest month of the year. Following closely, June and August see substantial precipitation levels of 433 mm (17.0 in) and 423 mm (16.7 in), reinforcing the dominance of the monsoon. As the season transitions into autumn, September experiences a decline in rainfall to 330 mm (13.0 in), while October further reduces to 182 mm (7.2 in). By November and December, precipitation tapers off sharply to 20 mm (0.8 in) and 14 mm (0.5 in), with only a few rainy days, thus signaling the end of the wet season and the arrival of drier winter months.
In Assam, India, sunshine duration exhibits a clear seasonal trend, reflecting the region's transition from winter through summer and into the monsoon season. The year begins with January providing 239 hours of sunshine, which gradually increases in February with 279 hours. March marks a notable shift as the sun shines for 326 hours, making it one of the brightest months. Although April sees a slight dip to 312 hours, the overall trend remains upward as the region gears up for the intense heat of summer, with May providing 317 hours of sunshine. The transition into the monsoon season begins in June, resulting in decreased sunshine, yet it still holds 287 hours.
As the monsoon peaks in July, sunshine hours drop significantly to 245 hours. The trend begins to recover in August with 279 hours, followed closely by September, which totals 277 hours. October marks a noteworthy improvement with 301 hours, reflecting the retreat of the monsoon. By November and December, the sunshine duration stabilizes at 296 hours, indicating a return to clearer skies. Overall, the fluctuation in sunshine hours highlights the strong influence of seasonal shifts, with the peak sunshine months occurring from March to May, while July represents the challenge of the monsoon with the least sunlight.
The UV Index in Assam, India, experiences substantial variation throughout the year, reflecting a significant seasonal change in sun exposure and its associated risks. The year starts with a UV Index of 6 in January, categorized as high, allowing for a burn time of approximately 25 minutes with minimal protection. As February approaches, the UV levels rise to 8, entering the very high category which reduces the safe exposure time to 15 minutes. March continues this upward trend with a UV Index of 9, also in the very high category, while April escalates dramatically to 12, deemed extreme, necessitating even shorter exposure times of just 10 minutes.
The summer months bring some of the highest UV Index readings, peaking at 14 from June to August, in the extreme category, indicating a critical need for sun protection as the burn time remains limited to 10 minutes. September sees a slight decrease to 12, marking a gradual shift towards more moderate conditions, while October and November feature very high UV levels of 10 and 8, respectively, extending the safe burn time back to 15 minutes. By December, the UV Index drops to 6, returning to the high category, reminiscent of the conditions at the year's beginning. This fluctuation emphasizes the importance of UV awareness and protective measures, particularly during the hotter months when exposure risks peak.
UV Risk Categories
In Assam, India, daylight duration shows a clear pattern that correlates with the changing seasons, starting with a modest 10 hours in January. As winter gives way to spring, February experiences an increase to 11 hours of daylight, gradually transitioning into March when the days stretch to 12 hours. This pattern continues in April, retaining the 12 hours of daylight, and in May, the duration reaches its peak at 13 hours, providing ample sunlight before the onset of the monsoon.
The summer months of June, July, and August maintain the 13 hours of daylight, offering consistent light for daily activities amid the warmer temperatures. As the year progresses into September, daylight starts to decrease to 12 hours, followed by a further reduction in October to 11 hours. By November and December, the daylight returns to 10 hours, similar to the beginning of the year. This rhythmic variation in daylight hours not only influences the daily life of the residents but also plays a critical role in the region's agricultural cycles, making it a key factor in Assam's climatic character.
Barpeta, India experiences a tropical climate characterized by hot and humid conditions, especially during the summer months from March to August, where temperatures can reach a maximum of 38°C (100°F). The region sees substantial rainfall, peaking in May and July with over 570 mm (22.4 in), contributing to a lush environment. The cooler months from November to February have milder temperatures, with averages around 18°C (64°F) to 23°C (74°F) and minimal precipitation. Sunshine hours are generally high, with March enjoying the most at 326 hours. For more details, visit Barpeta climate.
Dibrugarh, India experiences a humid subtropical climate characterized by significant temperature variations and abundant rainfall. The year starts cool in January, with temperatures ranging from 9°C to 28°C, rising steadily into the hot months of May and June, where highs peak around 36-38°C. Rainfall is substantial, particularly from May to July, with July receiving the most precipitation at 429 mm. Sunshine is relatively plentiful, with March and May enjoying around 315 hours each. For more detailed climate information, visit Dibrugarh climate.
Guwahati, India, experiences a subtropical climate characterized by hot, humid summers and mild winters. January sees temperatures ranging from 9°C to 29°C, while the peak heat occurs in April and July, with maximums reaching up to 37°C. Rainfall is significant, particularly from June to August, with July receiving the highest precipitation of 615 mm. Despite the heavy monsoon, Guwahati enjoys plenty of sunshine, especially in March with 327 hours. For more detailed information, visit Guwahati climate.
The climate in Haflong, India, is characterized by distinct seasonal variations, with temperatures ranging from a cool 6°C (43°F) in January to a warm 34°C (93°F) during the summer months of March to August. The region experiences its highest levels of precipitation from April to June, with May recording up to 439 mm (17.3 inches) of rain. Sunshine is abundant, particularly in March with 334 hours, providing a pleasant contrast to the wetter months. Residents can experience a significant drop in rainfall from November onward, leading to drier conditions. For more details, visit Haflong climate.
The climate in Jorhat, India, features a distinct seasonal pattern with hot, humid summers and mild winters. January starts with cooler temperatures, averaging 17°C (64°F) and minimal precipitation, while by June, temperatures rise to an average of 29°C (84°F) with peak rainfall of 344 mm (13.5 in). The monsoon months, particularly July and August, see the highest rainfall, reaching 460 mm (18.1 in) and 349 mm (13.7 in) respectively, paired with peak temperatures. Sunshine is abundant, with March receiving the highest at 324 hours. For more details, visit Jorhat climate.
North Guwahati, India, experiences a tropical climate characterized by distinct seasons, with warm temperatures peaking from March to August. Average temperatures range from 18°C (64°F) in January to 29°C (85°F) in July and August, while precipitation is highest during the monsoon months of June and July, reaching up to 615 mm (24.2 in). The city enjoys ample sunshine, particularly in March with 327 hours, although overcast conditions can persist during the rainy season. For a detailed overview of the climate, visit North Guwahati climate.
Numaligarh, India experiences a humid subtropical climate with distinct seasonal variations. Temperatures range from a cool 8°C (47°F) in January to a hot 38°C (100°F) in August, with average monthly temperatures peaking around 29°C (84°F) during the monsoon season. The region receives significant rainfall, especially from June to September, totaling over 1,600 mm during these months, making it the wettest period of the year. Despite the heavy rains, sunshine hours remain substantial, averaging about 272 hours in the rainy season. For detailed information, visit Numaligarh climate.
Sibsagar, India experiences a diverse climate characterized by warm, humid summers and mild winters. Temperatures range from a chilly 7°C (45°F) in January to a scorching 38°C (102°F) during the peak of summer in July and August. Precipitation is significant, especially from May to July, peaking at 462 mm (18.2 in) in July, contributing to lush greenery. The region enjoys ample sunshine, with May recording the highest at 329 hours. For more detailed information, visit Sibsagar climate.
Silchar, India experiences a tropical climate characterized by hot summers and a monsoon season. Temperatures range from a mild 8°C (47°F) in January to highs of 39°C (102°F) in July, with average monthly temperatures around 24°C (76°F) in March. The region witnesses significant rainfall, particularly from April to June, peaking at 560 mm (22.1 in) in June. Bright sunshine is common, reaching up to 336 hours in May, contributing to the warm weather. For more details, visit Silchar climate.
Tezpur, India, experiences a tropical climate characterized by significant temperature variations throughout the year. January temperatures range from a chilly 8°C (46°F) to a maximum of 29°C (85°F), gradually rising to highs of around 38°C (100°F) in June. The monsoon season from June to September brings heavy rainfall, peaking in July with 541 mm (21.3 in) of precipitation. Despite the rain, the city enjoys ample sunshine, particularly in March, which boasts 326 hours of sunlight. For more details, visit Tezpur climate.
Tinsukia, India, experiences a humid subtropical climate, characterized by warm temperatures and significant rainfall, especially during the summer months. Temperatures range from a minimum of 10°C (49°F) in January to a peak of 38°C (101°F) in the monsoon season from June to September. Rainfall is heaviest in July, with 412 mm (16.2 in) of precipitation, while January remains the driest month with only 27 mm (1.1 in). The region enjoys ample sunshine, particularly in March and May, recording around 320 to 324 hours. For more detailed climate information, visit Tinsukia climate.
In conclusion, the climate of Assam, India, presents a fascinating interplay of temperature, precipitation, sunshine duration, UV Index, and daylight hours, all of which significantly influence the region's ecology and lifestyle. The steady temperature rise from winter to summer, coupled with the pronounced rainy season, shapes the agricultural practices central to the local economy. Additionally, the variations in sunshine and UV Index underscore the importance of sun protection strategies, especially during the peak months of intense solar exposure. As daylight duration fluctuates across the seasons, it heralds the rhythm of life in Assam, guiding both daily activities and natural cycles. Understanding these climatic factors is crucial for effective adaptation and sustainability in this vibrant region.