Last updated: January 18, 2025
Santander, Colombia, boasts a diverse climate characterized by three distinct Köppen-Geiger climate classes: Am (tropical monsoon), Cfb (oceanic), and Af (tropical rainforest). The region experiences a remarkable temperature range, with a minimum of -1°C (30°F) recorded in January and a maximum soaring up to 40°C (104°F) in February. On average, temperatures hover around a pleasant 19°C (66°F), making Santander a unique locale where varied climatic conditions coexist, influencing both its ecosystems and the lifestyles of its inhabitants.
The temperature patterns in Santander, Colombia, exhibit a distinct seasonal variation, with January marking the beginning of the year presenting the lowest recorded temperatures, where minimums dip to -1°C (30°F) and maximums reach up to 38°C (102°F). As the months progress into February and March, warmer trends emerge, peaking in February with an impressive maximum of 40°C (104°F). Throughout the subsequent months, average temperatures stabilize around a consistent 19°C (66°F), while maximums remain high, hovering between 37°C (98°F) and 39°C (102°F) from April through August. Notably, the region experiences a gradual cooling towards the end of the year, particularly in November and December, where minimum temperatures range from 0°C (33°F) to 3°C (38°F), yet still maintaining relatively warm maxima, reflecting the interplay of diverse climatic influences throughout the year.
Santa Barbara experiences a minimum temperature of 8°C (47°F) in January, reaching a maximum of 25°C (78°F) in May (monthly temperatures in Santa Barbara). In contrast, San Andres has a cooler minimum of 4°C (39°F) in January, with a peak of 24°C (76°F) in May (monthly temperatures in San Andres). Barichara sees slightly warmer temperatures, with a minimum of 12°C (54°F) in January and a maximum of 28°C (82°F) in February (monthly temperatures in Barichara).
Precipitation in Santander, Colombia, displays a pronounced pattern of seasonal variability, characterized by a marked increase during the first half of the year. January and February see relatively moderate rainfall, with 107 mm (4.2 in) and 114 mm (4.5 in), respectively, while March heralds a significant escalation, culminating in 276 mm (10.9 in). April and May are particularly noteworthy, as they experience the highest precipitation levels, with monthly totals reaching 360 mm (14.2 in) and 464 mm (18.3 in), and 27 to 29 rainy days, underscoring the region's transition into its wettest season.
The trend of abundant rainfall continues into June and July, with precipitation levels of 455 mm (17.9 in) and 434 mm (17.1 in), respectively, before gradually tapering off in the latter half of the year. As August and September approach, rainfall decreases to 374 mm (14.7 in) and 356 mm (14.0 in), while October experiences a resurgence with 414 mm (16.3 in), leading into the drier months of November and December, where rainfall drops to 272 mm (10.7 in) and 159 mm (6.2 in). This seasonal rhythm of precipitation not only shapes the local ecosystem but also influences agricultural practices and water resource management in the region.
Sunshine duration in Santander, Colombia, reveals a dynamic pattern throughout the year, with notable peaks and troughs. The year starts brightly with January offering 259 hours of sunlight, followed by a remarkable increase in February, which boasts 298 hours. March maintains high levels with 295 hours, but as the wet season begins to approach, sunshine hours gradually decline. April experiences a drop to 254 hours, and May continues this downward trend, registering only 230 hours. This period marks a significant transition into the rainy season, where cloud cover begins to overshadow the vibrant sunlight of the earlier months.
As the year progresses, a resurgence in sunshine occurs after the wettest months. The latter half of the year sees a steady increase, peaking in December with an impressive 311 sunshine hours. July and August also contribute significantly to this sunny revival, offering 269 and 282 hours, respectively. Despite some fluctuations in hours, such as September and October, which return to the lower range with 259 and 251 hours of sunlight, the overall trend is clear: the journey from the wet season to the dry season in Santander brings not only increases in sunshine but also invites a more vibrant atmosphere, encouraging outdoor activities and community events in the region.
The UV Index in Santander, Colombia, presents a consistently high risk of solar radiation throughout the year, underscoring the need for precautionary measures against sun exposure. From January to April, the index records alarming levels, peaking in April at 19, indicating an extreme exposure category with a burn time of just 10 minutes. Even in February and March, the UV Index remains critically high at 17 and 18, respectively. This sustained intensity highlights the necessity for residents and visitors alike to employ sun protection strategies during these peak months, as optimal safety requires vigilance against potential skin damage.
As the year progresses, the UV Index gradually decreases but remains in the extreme range. From May through October, values hover between 14 to 17, with October and November displaying slight decreases to 15 and 14, respectively. By December, the UV Index drops to 13 but still warrants caution for sun exposure. The persistent nature of high UV levels throughout the year in Santander signifies an essential awareness of sun safety, as even minimal exposure can lead to harmful effects within mere minutes. Regular application of sunscreen, wearing protective clothing, and seeking shade during peak hours are vital practices for the community.
UV Risk Categories
Daylight duration in Santander, Colombia, demonstrates a fascinating consistency throughout the year, with only slight variations marking the seasonal transition. January and February begin with a steady 11 hours of daylight, providing ample time for outdoor activities and community gatherings. As the months proceed into March, daylight reaches 12 hours and sustains this duration from March through August, creating a stable environment for both residents and biodiversity. This balanced exposure to daylight fosters a vibrant ecological and social landscape, ideal for agriculture, recreation, and tourism.
As the year heads toward its end, daylight hours begin to retreat once more in September, reverting back to 12 hours. However, by October, November, and December, the duration of daylight once again drops to 11 hours, culminating the year with shorter days. This cyclical pattern of daylight duration not only reflects the equatorial position of Santander but also shapes the habits and routines of its inhabitants. The relatively stable daylight hours throughout the year offer a predictability that enhances both the natural rhythms of wildlife and the daily lives of the community.
Barichara, Colombia, experiences a mild climate characterized by average temperatures around 20°C (68°F) throughout the year, with maximums ranging from 26°C to 28°C (79°F to 82°F). The region receives significant rainfall, particularly in May and June, with precipitation peaking at 584 mm (23.0 in) in June. Sunshine hours vary, with February receiving the most at 296 hours, while May has the least with 208 hours. This unique combination of moderate temperatures, ample rainfall, and sunshine makes Barichara an enticing destination for nature lovers. For more details, visit Barichara climate.
Bolivar, Colombia experiences a temperate climate with average yearly temperatures ranging from 18°C (65°F) and maximums typically around 26°C (79°F). The region has a pronounced rainy season, particularly from March to July, where monthly precipitation peaks at 595 mm (23.4 in) in May. Despite the heavy rainfall, Bolivar enjoys a good amount of sunshine, averaging over 300 hours in several months like February, March, and August. This unique climate supports a diverse ecosystem and agricultural activities. For detailed climate information, visit Bolivar climate.
Bucaramanga, Colombia experiences a mild climate characterized by average temperatures ranging from 16°C (61°F) throughout the year, with maximums peaking at 23°C (73°F) and minimums dipping to around 8°C (47°F). The city sees significant rainfall, particularly from April to June, with May being the wettest month at 800 mm (31.5 in). Despite the heavy precipitation, January and December enjoy the most sunshine, boasting 245 and 295 hours, respectively. Overall, Bucaramanga's climate presents a unique blend of warmth and considerable rainfall, making it a vibrant location for diverse flora and fauna. For more details, visit Bucaramanga climate.
Rionegro, Colombia, enjoys a mild climate characterized by average temperatures ranging from 22°C (72°F) to 28°C (82°F) throughout the year. January sees the coolest temperatures with minimums around 14°C (58°F), while July and August are slightly warmer with highs reaching 30°C (86°F). The region experiences significant rainfall, particularly in the months of May through July, where precipitation can exceed 800 mm (31.6 in). Sunshine varies across the year, with February offering the most hours at 294, while May has the least. For more details on the climate in Rionegro, visit Rionegro climate.
San Andres, Colombia experiences a temperate climate with mild temperatures year-round. Average monthly temperatures range from 15°C (59°F) to a maximum of 24°C (75°F), with January and February being the coolest months. Significant rainfall occurs from April to June, peaking at 546 mm (21.5 in) in May, while January and December are relatively drier with 125 mm (4.9 in) and 131 mm (5.2 in) respectively. Sunshine hours vary, with February and December offering the most, providing over 300 hours of sunlight. For more detailed information, visit San Andres climate.
San Gil, Colombia, experiences a temperate climate characterized by mild temperatures and significant rainfall throughout the year. Average temperatures hover around 19°C (66°F), with maximums reaching up to 27°C (81°F) in the warmer months. Rainfall peaks from May to July, with June receiving the highest average of 476 mm (18.8 in). Despite the heavy rainfall, the area enjoys abundant sunshine, particularly in December with 306 hours of sun. For more details, visit San Gil climate.
Santa Barbara, Colombia, experiences a mild climate with average temperatures ranging from 16°C (62°F) to 17°C (63°F) throughout the year. The area receives significant rainfall, especially from April to June, with May being the wettest month at 434 mm (17.1 in). Sunshine hours vary, peaking in February with 294 hours and dropping to 170 hours in May. Overall, the climate is characterized by its warm temperatures and distinct wet season. For more details, visit Santa Barbara climate.
Sucre, Colombia, experiences a mild climate characterized by moderate temperatures and significant rainfall, particularly from March to June. The average temperatures range from 8°C (47°F) in January to a maximum of 28°C (83°F) in February, while consistently hovering around 18°C (65°F) throughout the year. Rainfall peaks in May with 595 mm (23.4 in), contributing to a wet season that spans several months. Despite the precipitation, Sucre enjoys ample sunshine, especially in July and August, with over 300 hours of sunlight. For more detailed information, visit Sucre climate.
In conclusion, Santander, Colombia, is characterized by its diverse climate patterns, marked by significant temperature variations and a consistent high UV Index, necessitating awareness of sun safety. The seasonal trends in precipitation and daylight duration illustrate a vibrant ecological landscape that supports both agriculture and community life. As residents experience ample sunlight throughout the year, particularly during the peak months, they are encouraged to engage in outdoor activities while remaining vigilant about UV exposure. Overall, understanding these climatic and environmental factors is essential for fostering sustainable practices and enhancing the quality of life in Santander, ensuring that the region’s natural beauty is preserved for generations to come.