Last updated: January 18, 2025
The climate of the Mayo-Kebbi Est region in Chad is characterized by a Köppen-Geiger classification of Aw (tropical savanna) and BSh (semi-arid). This region experiences significant temperature fluctuations throughout the year. January marks the coldest month with a minimum temperature of 12°C (55°F), while the average temperature hovers around 29°C (84°F). The peak heat occurs in April, with maximum temperatures soaring to an extreme 45°C (114°F). These climatic conditions underscore the region's intense dry seasons and seasonal rainfall patterns, shaping the ecological landscape and human activities within Mayo-Kebbi Est.
In Mayo-Kebbi Est, Chad, temperature patterns reflect a distinctly seasonal climate, with substantial heat during the dry months and mild temperatures emerging as the region transitions towards the rainy season. January kicks off the year with relatively cooler temperatures, where minimums dip to 12°C (55°F) and averages settle around 26°C (78°F). As spring approaches, temperatures rise steadily, peaking in March and April with maximums reaching a sweltering 45°C (113°F) and 114°F respectively. The onset of May brings a slight reprieve, with maximum temperatures decreasing to 44°C (112°F), and as the rainy season begins in June, the climate begins to moderate further, with averages falling to 30°C (86°F). The summer months of July and August experience cooler temperatures, characterized by minimums ranging from 20°C (68°F) to 22°C (72°F), and maximums that drop to 38°C (100°F) and 35°C (95°F), respectively. As the year concludes, temperatures gradually cool down again, with December reflecting the cycle by reverting back to averages around 26°C (79°F). This seasonal fluctuation underscores the region's defined dry and wet periods, crucial for both agriculture and local livelihoods.
Gounou Gaya experiences a minimum temperature of 13°C (56°F) in January, rising to a maximum of 44°C (112°F) in April, as detailed in the monthly temperatures in Gounou Gaya. Similarly, Guelendeng has a slightly cooler January minimum of 12°C (55°F) and peaks at 45°C (114°F) in April, highlighted in the monthly temperatures in Guelendeng. Bongor matches Gounou Gaya's January minimum at 13°C (56°F) but reaches a maximum of 45°C (113°F) in April, as indicated in the monthly temperatures in Bongor.
Precipitation in Mayo-Kebbi Est, Chad, exhibits a pronounced seasonal pattern, with a distinct dry period followed by a wet season. The months from January through March witness virtually no rainfall, recording 0 mm and creating arid conditions typical of the dry season. This dryness holds until April, when light precipitation totals 3 mm (0.1 in), signaling the gradual onset of the rainy season that begins in earnest in May. Here, rainfall increases dramatically, accumulating 28 mm (1.1 in) over six days, which sets the stage for July and August, where precipitation reaches its zenith.
The peak of the wet season occurs in August, with an impressive 253 mm (9.9 in) of rain falling across an average of 25 days, which deeply contrasts with the dry months. Following this peak, September experiences substantial rainfall as well, totaling 128 mm (5.0 in) before tapering off in October to 41 mm (1.6 in). The transition back to dry conditions is marked by November and December, which yield no rainfall, contributing once again to the dry landscape of the region. This cyclical pattern of precipitation underscores the critical importance of timing in agricultural planning and water resource management for local communities.
Mayo-Kebbi Est, Chad, exhibits a notable seasonal variation in sunshine duration, characterized by an increase in sunlight hours from the cooler months of winter into the warmer summer season. The year begins with January recording 272 hours of sunshine, which gradually ascends to 304 hours in February and 338 hours by March. This upward trend peaks in May, where residents bask in 343 hours of sunlight, optimal for agricultural activities and outdoor endeavors. Even as the season transitions into June, the sunshine remains abundant with 329 hours recorded, illustrating the region's prolonged exposure to sunlight during the early part of the year.
However, as the year progresses towards the latter months, sunshine hours experience a slight but consistent decline. From May's peak, the duration slightly decreases in the following months, with July maintaining a strong 335 hours, and August witnessing 314 hours. The trend continues into the fall months where October offers 334 hours and November shows 324 hours, culminating at 332 hours in December. Notably, while sunshine duration fluctuates, the overall yearly trend remains robust, allowing consistent availability of natural light that supports local ecosystems and livelihoods. This pattern highlights the region's reliance on sunlight not only for agriculture but also for cultural and social activities throughout the year.
The UV Index in Mayo-Kebbi Est, Chad, remains markedly high throughout the year, underscoring the region's intense sun exposure. Starting in January, the UV Index registers at 11, categorized as extreme, with a burn time of just 10 minutes for unprotected skin. This trend escalates in February, peaking at 12, and continues to rise through March, reaching 13. Notably, the UV Index remains elevated at this level through April and May, with consistent burn times indicating a compelling need for sun protection during these months when outdoor activities are prevalent.
The summer months see an even more pronounced effect, particularly in August and September, when the UV Index climbs to 14, marking the highest exposure category of the year, while still maintaining the perilous burn time of 10 minutes. As the year progresses into October, the index drops to 12, and November and December experience slightly lower values of 10, categorized as very high, with an increased burn time of 15 minutes. This data illustrates a persistent threat from solar radiation throughout the year, emphasizing the importance of protective measures against skin damage, particularly during the peak months when sun safety becomes crucial for residents and visitors alike.
UV Risk Categories
In Mayo-Kebbi Est, Chad, daylight duration exhibits a relatively stable pattern throughout the year, reflecting the region's proximity to the equator. Both January and February experience 11 hours of daylight, providing consistent illumination during the cooler months. As the year progresses into March, daylight extends to 12 hours, a trend that continues uninterrupted through April, May, and June. This period of increased daylight coincides with the region's warming temperatures, maximizing opportunities for agricultural activities and social interactions under the sun.
The summer months, from July to September, maintain this steady 12-hour daylight duration, emphasizing the abundance of natural light available for daily life and farming. However, as the calendar turns to October, the daylight once again decreases to 11 hours, a pattern that persists through November and December. This gradual cycling between 11 and 12 hours highlights the climatic stability of Mayo-Kebbi Est, fostering an environment where residents can effectively plan their activities in harmony with the consistent availability of daylight throughout the year.
Bongor, Chad experiences a hot semi-arid climate characterized by high temperatures and low precipitation. From January to March, temperatures rise significantly, with averages reaching up to 34°C (94°F) in April, while maximum values can soar to 45°C (113°F). The rainy season occurs from May to September, peaking in August with 244 mm (9.6 in) of rainfall. Despite the heat, Bongor enjoys abundant sunshine throughout the year, averaging between 272 and 343 hours monthly. For a detailed look at the weather, visit Bongor climate.
Gounou Gaya, Chad experiences a hot desert climate characterized by high temperatures year-round. The average monthly temperatures range from 26°C (79°F) in January to a peak of 34°C (94°F) in April, with maximums reaching 44°C (112°F) in March and April. Rainfall is minimal from January to March and then escalates dramatically during the rainy season from June to September, with August recording the highest precipitation at 234 mm (9.2 in). Sunshine is abundant, exceeding 300 hours per month throughout much of the year, making Gounou Gaya a predominantly sunny location. For more detailed information, visit Gounou Gaya climate.
Guelendeng, Chad experiences a hot semi-arid climate characterized by high temperatures and minimal rainfall. January sees average temperatures around 25°C (78°F), rising to peaks of 45°C (113°F) by April. The region receives most of its rainfall between May and August, with August alone recording 279 mm (11.0 in). Despite this rainy season, the area enjoys plentiful sunshine throughout the year, with May being the sunniest month at 343 hours. For more details, visit the Guelendeng climate.
In conclusion, the climate and environmental characteristics of Mayo-Kebbi Est, Chad, reveal significant insights into the region's weather patterns, temperature fluctuations, and solar exposure throughout the year. With high temperatures that peak during the dry season and substantial rainfall during the wet months, the area showcases a dynamic interplay between climate and agricultural productivity. Similarly, the persistent high UV Index and the stable daylight duration not only highlight the need for sun safety but also facilitate effective planning for both agricultural practices and daily life. Understanding these climatic nuances is essential for local communities as they navigate the challenges and advantages presented by their unique environment, ultimately promoting resilience and sustainability in the face of changing conditions.