Last updated: April 14, 2025
The climate of Brazil is as dynamic and diverse as its geography, characterized by extreme temperatures and varying precipitation patterns. In the southern region, Santa Catarina experiences a chilling minimum temperature of -6°C (22°F) in July, while the bustling city of São Paulo can swelter under soaring highs of 43°C (110°F) in October. Rainfall varies dramatically across the country, with Amapá receiving a staggering 445 mm (17.5 in) in April, contrasting sharply with Goiás, which sees no precipitation in July. Humidity also fluctuates, peaking at an average maximum of 92% in April in Maranhão and dipping to a dry 26% in October in the Federal District. This remarkable climatic variance not only influences everyday life but also shapes Brazil's rich ecosystems.
Brazil boasts a rich tapestry of climate zones, primarily classified under the Köppen-Geiger system. The Amazon Basin, encompassing states like Acre, Amapá, and Amazonas, showcases tropical rainforest (Am) and tropical monsoon (Af) climates, fertile grounds for vibrant ecosystems. Moving towards the northeast, states such as Bahia and Ceará feature a mix of tropical savanna (Aw) and tropical wet (Am) climates, characteristic of their diverse landscapes. In the central and southern regions, states like Minas Gerais, Paraná, and Rio Grande do Sul present humid subtropical climates (Cfa, Cfb), while the semi-arid zones, such as Piauí and Rio Grande do Norte, exhibit tropical savanna (BSh) features. This climatic diversity not only dictates the natural beauty of the landscape but also influences the cultural and agricultural practices across the nation.
| Climate Zone | Description |
|---|---|
| Af | Tropical rainforest climate with no dry season and high temperatures year-round. |
| Am | Tropical monsoon climate with heavy rainfall and high temperatures. |
| As | Tropical savanna climate with a dry season occurring in summer. |
| Aw | Tropical savanna climate with a dry season occurring in winter. |
| BSh | Hot semi-arid climate with low rainfall and high temperatures. |
| Cfa | Humid subtropical climate with hot summers and mild winters. |
| Cfb | Oceanic climate with mild temperatures and moderate rainfall year-round. |
| Cwa | Monsoon-influenced humid subtropical climate with dry winters and hot summers. |
| Cwb | Monsoon-influenced temperate climate with dry winters and mild summers. |
Brazil's temperatures showcase an impressive range throughout the year, reflecting its diverse climate. In January, Santa Catarina experiences a chilly minimum of 8°C (47°F), while Rio Grande do Sul basks in a scorching 41°C (106°F). As summer transitions into fall, February sees similar extremes with Minas Gerais matching the heat of January, yet Santa Catarina dips further down to 6°C (44°F). March maintains the trend, with Alagoas reaching the sweltering 41°C (106°F), while temperatures in the south continue to chill. The arrival of April marks the onset of colder weather, highlighted by a startling -1°C (31°F) in Santa Catarina, contrasting sharply with Rio de Janeiro's 39°C (102°F). As winter advances, temperatures plunge even lower in Santa Catarina, hitting a brisk -6°C (22°F) in July, while Piauí remains warm at 38°C (101°F). Come August, Maranhão pushes the heat to 40°C (105°F) amidst a stubborn chill in the south. The cycle continues, with September's maximums soaring to 42°C (108°F) in Mato Grosso do Sul, before gradually cooling into November, where the temperatures plateau at 3°C (37°F) in Santa Catarina and 41°C (106°F) in Rio de Janeiro. By December, the year closes with a minimum of 4°C (39°F) in Santa Catarina and Mato Grosso do Sul hitting 41°C (105°F). This ebb and flow of temperatures beautifully encapsulates Brazil's unique climatic tapestry, where warmth and chill coexist across its vast territories.
Brazil showcases a diverse spectrum of precipitation patterns, with significant variations across its regions. For instance, Amapá stands out with a striking maximum rainfall of 445 mm (17.5 in) in April, reflecting the region's heavy wet season, while Goiás experiences a stark contrast with 0 mm of precipitation in July, highlighting the dry spells some areas endure. Additionally, the number of rain days further emphasizes this regional contrast; Mato Grosso records a minimal 0 days in June, whereas Amapá experiences an impressive 29 rainy days in May, showcasing how local geography and climate interplay to shape Brazil's weather dynamics. This interplay not only influences agriculture but also affects lifestyle and water resources throughout the country.
Brazil's humidity presents a fascinating spectrum that varies dramatically across regions and seasons. In the dry month of October, the Federal District experiences a minimum humidity level of 26%, showcasing its arid conditions. Conversely, as the country transitions into the rainy season, Maranhão records a staggering 92% humidity in April, marking one of the highest moisture levels in the nation. This significant contrast highlights not only the diverse climatic zones of Brazil but also the profound impact seasonal shifts have on environmental conditions throughout the country.
Brazil's UV Index trends reveal significant variations across regions and seasons. In November, Alagoas experiences an average daily maximum UVI of 15, highlighting the intense sun exposure that characterizes the northeastern region during this time. By January, the average daily max UVI in Minas Gerais escalates to an impressive 17, underscoring the heightened UV risks as summer peaks in Brazil's southeastern states. This upward trend in UV exposure not only emphasizes the need for effective sun protection but also reflects the broader climatic influences affecting different areas of the country throughout the year.
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Brazil showcases a remarkable variation in sunshine duration across its diverse regions. For instance, in January, Acre basks in 203 hours of sunshine, while the coastal state of Sergipe enjoys a more generous 285 hours, highlighting the contrast between Brazil's northwestern and northeastern climates. As we progress to March, Rio de Janeiro sees a significant increase with 308 hours of sun, indicative of the warming transition towards the austral winter. December brings a stunning peak in Rio Grande do Sul, where residents can indulge in a full 365 hours of sunshine, perfectly reflecting the summer's embrace in the southern part of the country. This data reveals how Brazil's geographical diversity creates unique sun-soaked experiences throughout the year.
When considering the likelihood of sunny weather in Brazil, notable regional trends emerge. For instance, December in Tocantins presents a mere 5% chance of sunshine, highlighting a distinct wet season characteristic of the region. In sharp contrast, July in Goiás boasts a remarkable 93% likelihood of clear skies, making it an ideal time for outdoor activities and exploration. This stark seasonal variation illustrates how Brazil's diverse climates influence weather patterns across different states, offering unique experiences throughout the year.
In Brazil's southernmost state, Rio Grande do Sul, daylight hours present a striking contrast between the seasons. During June, the days are relatively short, offering about 10 hours of sunlight, which ushers in the chill of winter. As the year progresses into December, the scene shifts remarkably, with daylight extending to 13 hours, enhancing the summer's warmth and vibrancy. This seasonal trend not only influences daily activities but also shapes the cultural and social life in the region, marking a dynamic interplay between light and lifestyle.
Acre, Brazil, boasts a tropical climate characterized by warm temperatures and high humidity nearly year-round. From January to March, the mercury frequently peaks at around 36°C (97°F), while the rainy season brings significant precipitation, especially in February and March, with monthly totals reaching over 280 mm (11 in). As the year progresses into the dry season from June to August, temperatures remain warm but humidity drops dramatically, creating a more comfortable atmosphere. Despite its warmth, visitors can expect a lush, vibrant landscape brought to life by the seasonal rains, making Acre a unique destination for nature lovers. For more detailed insights on weather patterns, check out Acre climate.
Alagoas, Brazil, boasts a tropical climate characterized by high temperatures and humidity year-round. January and February kick off the year with warm averages around 27°C (81°F), but by March, temperatures can soar to a sizzling 41°C (106°F). Rainfall peaks during the wet season from March to July, with July seeing about 116 mm (4.6 in) of precipitation, while humidity levels hover between 70% and 90% throughout the year, creating a lush atmosphere. For a deeper dive into what to expect weather-wise in this vibrant region, check out Alagoas climate.
Amapá, Brazil, boasts a tropical climate characterized by warm temperatures and significant rainfall throughout the year. Average temperatures hover around 26°C (79°F), with highs peaking at 35°C (95°F) in November, providing lush landscapes fueled by moisture-laden air. The wettest months are from April to May, where rainfall can reach over 400 mm (15.7 in), resulting in an impressive humidity level that often exceeds 80%. However, as the dry season approaches in August and September, humidity dips to relatively comfortable levels, allowing for a respite from the usually steamy atmosphere. Experience the vibrant climate of Amapá by exploring more about its weather patterns at Amapá climate.
The climate in Amazonas, Brazil, is a tropical tapestry, characterized by high humidity and significant rainfall throughout the year. From January to March, temperatures soar, with maximums often hitting 36°C (97°F), while precipitation peaks, especially in April, with over 341 mm (13.4 in) of rain. Despite the warmth, July and August bring a slight reprieve, offering cooler temperatures around 13°C (56°F) and lower humidity, making it the driest period. However, as October approaches, the temperatures climb again, reaching 39°C (102°F), amid rising humidity once more. For a deeper dive into the dynamic climate of this lush rainforest region, visit Amazonas climate.
Bahia, Brazil, boasts a tropical climate characterized by warm temperatures year-round. In the peak of summer, January and February can see maximums soaring to 40°C (104°F), while cooler months like July and August hover around a mild 22°C (72°F). Rainfall is a common feature, particularly in the first half of the year, with March often recording the highest precipitation at 101 mm (4.0 in). The humidity levels typically remain high, reaching up to 87% in March, but gradually ease towards the end of the year. For a more detailed insight into the region's unique weather patterns, check out Bahia climate.
Ceará, Brazil, boasts a tropical climate characterized by consistently warm temperatures year-round. In January and February, the mercury often peaks at 38°C (101°F), while cooler months like July see lows dip to 15°C (59°F). Rainfall is most prominent from February to April, with March averaging 208 mm (8.2 in), creating a vibrant, green landscape. As the year progresses, humidity decreases, particularly in the drier months of August and September, making the climate refreshing and pleasant for visitors. Explore more about this captivating region in our detailed guide on Ceará climate.
Nestled in Brazil, Espírito Santo boasts a tropical climate characterized by warm temperatures and seasonal rainfall. From January to March, the weather is often sweltering, with maximums reaching up to 41°C (105°F) and humidity sometimes peaking at 86%. As the months progress, temperatures gradually cool, especially in the winter months of June and July, where averages dip to around 20°C (68°F). Notably, November and December witness the heaviest rainfall, with averages soaring to 176 mm (6.9 in) and 197 mm (7.8 in), ensuring the lush greenery of this beautiful region. For a more detailed outlook, check out the Espírito Santo climate.
The climate in the Federal District of Brazil offers a captivating mix of temperatures and precipitation throughout the year. Residents enjoy warm summers with average highs reaching up to 36°C (98°F) in October, while the cooler months of July and August see temperatures dipping to a refreshing 8°C (47°F). Rainfall is abundant in the early year, particularly in February, which receives a hefty 243 mm (9.6 in), leading to a humid atmosphere that peaks at 89%. However, from June to August, the aridity is notable, with July boasting a remarkable 0 mm (0.0 in) of rain and humidity levels falling to just 53%. Embrace the diverse climate throughout the seasons by exploring more about the Federal District climate.
Goiás, Brazil, is characterized by a diverse climate that transitions from the warm, humid rainy season from January to March, with temperatures peaking at an impressive 41°C (106°F) in September. The average temperatures hover around a comfortable 24-27°C (76-81°F), providing a pleasant backdrop for outdoor activities. Interestingly, the region experiences a stark reduction in rainfall from May to July, dropping to just a trace, while humidity also declines significantly, reaching as low as 35% in September. For those planning a visit, understanding the climate in Goiás is essential to fully enjoy this beautiful part of Brazil. Discover more about it here: Goiás climate.
The climate in Maranhão, Brazil is characterized by a tropical savanna climate, where temperatures soar from 15°C (60°F) in cooler months to a steamy 42°C (107°F) during peak summer. From January to April, residents experience significant rainfall, with February and March being the wettest months, while humidity remains notably high at around 90%. As the rainy season gives way to drier months from June to August, temperatures remain warm but become more bearable, with humidity dropping to 53% in August. However, as the year closes, humidity rises again, providing a sense of tropical warmth despite reduced rainfall. For more detailed insights, explore the full Maranhão climate.
The climate in Mato Grosso, Brazil is characterized by a distinct wet and dry season, with temperatures reaching their peak in the dry summer months of September and October, where highs can soar to 42°C (108°F). January through March brings substantial rainfall, accumulating over 200 mm each month, making it the wettest part of the year, while the months of June and July experience minimal precipitation, leading to lower humidity levels but still warm temperatures. Despite the intense heat, the region's lush landscapes thrive, especially when the rains return in late spring. With humidity levels fluctuating dramatically from a sticky 88% in January to a much drier 28% in October, the climate shapes not just the environment, but also the cultural and agricultural practices of the area. For more detailed information, visit Mato Grosso climate.
Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, experiences a diverse climate characterized by distinct seasonal variations. Summers (December to February) bring warmth and high humidity, with temperatures often soaring to a sweltering 40°C (104°F) and substantial rainfall, particularly in January, averaging 162 mm (6.4 in). In contrast, winter months (June to August) turn cooler, with temperatures dipping to as low as -1°C (30°F), yet humidity drops significantly, creating a dry and refreshing atmosphere. Autumn and spring are transitional, marked by moderate temperatures averaging 26°C (79°F), balancing pleasant warmth and occasional showers. For more detailed insights, explore the complete Mato Grosso do Sul climate.
The climate in Minas Gerais, Brazil is a vibrant tapestry of warmth and moisture, shaping its diverse landscapes. During the summer months of January and February, temperatures can soar to 41°C (106°F), accompanied by high humidity levels that often exceed 85%, contributing to a lush environment. As the year progresses into the cooler dry season, temperatures dip to as low as -2°C (29°F) in July, with precipitation dwindling significantly to just 6 mm (0.2 in). This seasonal shift not only influences daily life but also accentuates the beauty of Minas Gerais’ rolling hills and rich vegetation. To explore more about the unique climate patterns of this region, visit Minas Gerais climate.
Paraná, Brazil, boasts a diverse and dynamic climate that ranges from crisp winter mornings to sweltering summer afternoons. January and February see temperatures soar to a scorching 39°C (102°F), accompanied by high humidity levels around 81%, making it the peak of the summer season. As the year progresses into the cooler months of June and July, temperatures can dip as low as -4°C (25°F), offering a contrasting chill. Rainfall is prevalent year-round, with January experiencing the highest precipitation at 179 mm (7.0 in) while July remains drier with just 30 mm (1.2 in). This seasonal variety makes Paraná's climate both captivating and suitable for a range of outdoor activities. For more detailed information, visit Paraná climate.
Nestled in the stunning northeastern region of Brazil, Paraíba boasts a climate characterized by its warmth and humidity. January and February see the highest temperatures, with maxes reaching up to 39°C (102°F), while the relatively cooler months of June to August offer average temperatures around a pleasant 24°C (75°F). Rainfall is most abundant from February to April, where March records up to 125 mm (4.9 in), but the dry season from August to October brings only scant showers. Despite the heat, the humidity remains significant throughout the year, often exceeding 90% in the summer, ensuring that the region flourishes with biodiversity. Discover more about this vibrant climate at Paraíba climate.
Pará, Brazil, boasts a tropical climate characterized by consistently warm temperatures year-round, with averages hovering around 26-28°C (79-83°F). As the year progresses, temperatures can peak at a sizzling 40°C (104°F) in September, while the coolest months see lows of about 14°C (57°F) in July and August. Rainfall is prominent, especially during the first half of the year, with January to April experiencing the highest precipitation—over 400 mm (15.7 in) in February alone. Humidity levels also vary, peaking at 88% in May and dropping to as low as 55% during the drier months of August and September, creating a lush landscape that is as vibrant as it is inviting. Experience more about this fascinating region by exploring the Pará climate.
Nestled in the heart of Brazil, Pernambuco boasts a tropical climate characterized by warm temperatures year-round. January through March sees impressive highs soaring between 39°C and 40°C (102°F to 104°F), with humidity peaking at 89% in March, while the cooler months from June to August bring mild temperatures ranging from 15°C to 23°C (58°F to 73°F). Rainfall is abundant during the first half of the year, particularly in March, when it reaches around 104 mm (4.1 in), while the latter months experience a significant drop, with October seeing merely 26 mm (1.0 in). As such, visitors can expect a warm and tropical atmosphere, perfect for exploring the region's rich culture and stunning landscapes. For more detailed information, check out Pernambuco climate.
Piauí, Brazil, boasts a warm and tropical climate that varies throughout the year. With temperatures frequently reaching up to 40°C (105°F) during the hotter months of October and January, residents and visitors alike often enjoy a vivid sun-soaked atmosphere, especially as the humidity remains high in the early months, peaking at 92% in March and April. Rainfall is abundant from January to April, with February recording the highest precipitation of 255 mm (10.1 in), while the dry season from June to August sees minimal rainfall—often just a trickle. As temperatures gradually cool down toward the end of the year, December still maintains an agreeable warmth with averages around 29°C (84°F). For more insights on the region's weather patterns, visit Piauí climate.
Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil boasts a warm and welcoming climate characterized by average temperatures ranging from a comfortable 25°C (77°F) in July to sizzling highs of 39°C (102°F) in January and October. While the region enjoys ample sunshine, it also experiences its rainy season between February and April, with precipitation peaking in March at 147 mm (5.8 in). As humidity levels fluctuate throughout the year—from a high of 89% in March to a drier 67% in October—the climate remains generally tropical, perfect for beachgoers and outdoor enthusiasts alike. For detailed insights about the weather patterns, check out the Rio Grande do Norte climate.
In Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, the climate is characterized by a significant temperature range throughout the year, with January boasting warm averages around 24°C (76°F), while July can dip to chilly lows of -5°C (24°F). This region experiences a notable seasonal shift, with summer months like February and March seeing maximums close to 39°C (102°F), contrasted by cooler, damp winters where humidity often exceeds 80%. Precipitation varies as well, peaking in May and October, when heavy rains can reach over 157 mm (6.2 in), adding a lush vibrancy to the landscape. For a detailed look at what to expect, visit Rio Grande do Sul climate.
Rio de Janeiro boasts a tropical climate characterized by warm temperatures year-round and high humidity, especially in the summer months. January and February kick off the year with balmy averages around 25-26°C (77-79°F) and the potential for highs reaching 40°C (104°F), making them the hottest months. Rainfall peaks during this period, with February witnessing around 216 mm (8.5 in) of precipitation. As the year progresses, temperatures gradually dip, particularly from June to August, when mild weather prevails, with averages of 19-21°C (67-70°F). For a deeper dive into the weather patterns and monthly averages, check out the detailed overview of the Rio de Janeiro climate.
Rondônia, Brazil, showcases a diverse climate characterized by a warm tropical atmosphere and distinct wet and dry seasons. January through March, the region experiences high humidity levels averaging around 88%, with temperatures consistently reaching up to 35°C (95°F), complemented by significant rainfall, especially in February, which sees over 300 mm of precipitation. As the year progresses, July and August bring drier conditions with noticeably lower humidity, offering a refreshing break before the rainy period resumes in November. October and December again see a spike in moisture, reinforcing Rondônia's reputation for its lush landscapes. Discover more about this unique climate at Rondônia climate.
Roraima, Brazil, is known for its warm tropical climate, with average temperatures hovering between 26°C (79°F) and 29°C (84°F) throughout the year. While months like January and February start with daily highs reaching up to 36°C (97°F), the latter part of the year sees a slight decrease in temperatures and an influx of rainfall, peaking in May with over 384 mm (15.1 in). This transition brings humidity levels up significantly, particularly in June and July, where it can soar to 89%. The diverse climate not only shapes the lush landscapes but also invites adventure for those looking to explore the natural beauty of the region. For more details, visit Roraima climate.
Santa Catarina, Brazil, boasts a diverse climate that varies significantly throughout the year, offering distinct experiences for visitors. With January temperatures soaring to a high of 38°C (102°F) and the lowest in July plunging to -6°C (22°F), this region is a vibrant blend of summer warmth and winter chill. Humidity levels are notably high, particularly from January to May, often exceeding 85%, creating a lush environment that supports rich biodiversity. Precipitation is most abundant during the summer months, with January receiving around 193 mm (7.6 in), while winter sees a dip in rainfall, making it a perfect time for outdoor activities. Whether you're drawn to its tropical summers or crisp winters, the enchanting climate of Santa Catarina captivates year-round—explore more about its weather in detail at Santa Catarina climate.
Sergipe, Brazil, boasts a warm tropical climate characterized by high temperatures and seasonal humidity. From January to March, the mercury frequently climbs to 38°C (101°F) or higher, with March peaking at a sizzling 41°C (105°F), while January and February enjoy lush humidity levels around 79% to 83%. The rainy season strikes in the summer months, peaking in May with 101 mm (4.0 in) of rainfall, lending a vibrant touch to the landscape. As temperatures gradually cool in the winter, July and August offer a pleasant reprieve, with averages around 23°C (74°F) amidst reduced rainfall and humidity. For a deeper dive into the region’s climatic nuances, visit Sergipe climate.
São Paulo experiences a diverse climate characterized by warm summers and cooler winters. January and February bring the highest temperatures, with averages around 24-25°C (76-77°F) and maximums reaching up to 40°C (104°F), coupled with high humidity levels of 87%. As the year progresses, temperatures gradually drop, with July seeing cooler averages around 19°C (66°F) and occasional lows of -2°C (29°F). Rainfall is most abundant during the summer months, particularly in January (187 mm), while the dry season from June to August sees significantly less precipitation. For a detailed understanding of the city's weather patterns, visit São Paulo climate.
Nestled in the heart of Brazil, Tocantins experiences a tropical climate characterized by warm temperatures year-round. January and February mark the height of the rainy season, with heavy precipitation reaching up to 311 mm, while temperatures soar, often peaking at 38°C (100°F). As the year progresses, the humidity declines, creating a drier spell from May to August when the cooler nights contrast beautifully with bright days averaging around 27°C (82°F). By October, temperatures can escalate to a scorching 41°C (106°F), prompting a return of the rains and lush vegetation, restoring the vibrant landscape. For a deep dive into the nuances of the region's weather patterns, explore more about Tocantins climate.
Brazil's climate showcases remarkable diversity, ranging from sweltering heat to frigid chills, influenced by both geography and seasonal variation. While temperatures dip as low as -6°C (22°F) in July in Santa Catarina, they can soar to a scorching 43°C (110°F) in October in São Paulo. This wide temperature range is paralleled by precipitation patterns; July sees the driest conditions in Goiás, with no rainfall, while April brings the wettest conditions, particularly in Amapá, where precipitation can reach up to 445 mm (17.5 in). Moreover, humidity levels exhibit similar extremes, from a crisp 26% in October in the Federal District to a muggy 92% in April in Maranhão. These trends highlight Brazil's multifaceted climate, offering both challenges and unique environmental beauty across its vast landscapes.