Last updated: January 18, 2025
Parwan, Afghanistan, exhibits a Dsb Köppen-Geiger climate classification, characterized by distinct seasonal variations. The region experiences frigid winters, with minimum temperatures plunging to -29°C (-20°F) in January, while summers bring significant warmth, with average highs reaching up to 39°C (102°F) in July. The annual average temperature hovers around 10°C (49°F), highlighting the dramatic shifts between the cold and hot seasons, which play a crucial role in shaping the local ecosystem and agricultural practices.
Temperature patterns in Parwan, Afghanistan, reveal marked seasonal fluctuations throughout the year. Winters are exceptionally harsh, with January and February showing minimum temperatures as low as -29°C (-20°F) and -24°C (-12°F), respectively, while average highs remain below 20°C (68°F). As spring approaches, temperatures gradually rise, with March and April marking a transition to milder conditions, where average temperatures climb from 3°C (38°F) to 10°C (50°F). The warmest months, June through August, bring peak temperatures, with July reaching maximums of 39°C (102°F), while nights remain comfortably mild. In the fall, temperatures begin to cool again, as indicated by October's range dropping to a maximum of 30°C (86°F) before winter returns in November and December, showcasing another shift toward colder extremes. This cyclical pattern underscores the region's continental climate, defining its distinct seasonal rhythms.
Charikar experiences a minimum temperature of -19°C (-2°F) in January, rising to a maximum of 36°C (97°F) in July monthly temperatures in Charikar. In contrast, Qashqal endures even colder winters with a January minimum of -22°C (-8°F) and a relatively mild July maximum of 31°C (89°F) monthly temperatures in Qashqal. Bagh-e Maidan also reports a minimum of -22°C (-7°F) in December, while its July maximum reaches 28°C (83°F) monthly temperatures in Bagh-e Maidan.
Precipitation in Parwan, Afghanistan, exhibits a distinct seasonal pattern, with the bulk of rainfall occurring during the winter and early spring months. January and February are particularly wet, receiving 45 mm (1.8 in) and 82 mm (3.2 in) of rain respectively, often accompanied by 7 to 8 days of rainfall each month. March and April continue the trend, with precipitation levels of 73 mm (2.9 in) and 65 mm (2.6 in), though slightly decreasing. As spring transitions into summer, rainfall decreases sharply, reaching a minimal 7 mm (0.3 in) in June and just a sparse 2 mm (0.1 in) during the peak of summer in August.
During the latter part of the year, precipitation remains limited, with slight upticks in October (13 mm / 0.5 in) and November (32 mm / 1.3 in), showing a return to wetter conditions as winter approaches. Notably, June through September sees almost negligible precipitation, with only 1 day of rain in both June and July, while August and September record no rainfall at all. This pattern underscores a pronounced dry season in the summer months, juxtaposed against the wetter and cooler periods of winter and early spring, highlighting the region’s semi-arid climate.
In Parwan, Afghanistan, sunshine duration exhibits a clear seasonal progression characterized by an increase from winter into summer. Beginning with 225 hours of sunshine in January, the region gradually welcomes more daylight as the months advance, with February recording 262 hours. By March, sunshine hours expand significantly to 315 hours, and this upward trend persists into spring, peaking in May at 384 hours. The trend culminates during the summer months, particularly in July, which enjoys an impressive 418 hours of sunshine, showcasing the region’s capacity for abundant sunlight.
As summer wanes, there is a gradual but noticeable decline in sunshine duration. August still retains substantial sunlight with 398 hours, but September sees a decrease to 356 hours. The reduction continues into fall, with October marking 332 hours and November dropping further to 275 hours. Although December experiences a slight rebound to 285 hours, it still reflects the general trend of diminishing sunlight as the year closes. This cyclical pattern reinforces Parwan's distinct seasonal climate, where the contrast between the luminous summer months and the shorter, cloudier winter days underscores the region's environmental variability.
The UV Index in Parwan, Afghanistan, demonstrates a striking seasonal progression, with values climbing to extreme levels during the summer months. Starting at a high UV Index of 6 in January, the risk of harm from unprotected sun exposure remains significant. As February arrives, the UV Index escalates to 8 (very high), indicating the need for increased caution. The situations intensify dramatically by March, where the index reaches 13 (extreme), requiring protection after just 10 minutes of sun exposure. The peak of sun intensity occurs in April and May, both scoring a maximum UV Index of 14 and sustaining the extreme exposure category through June and July, reinforcing the necessity for protective measures during these months.
As summer transitions to fall, a slight reduction in UV Index values is observed. Although August and September still present considerable risk with indices of 12 and 11, the danger level begins to drop. By October, the index returns to 8 (very high), alongside a tripling of burn time to 15 minutes, indicating a shift towards safer exposure. November further lowers the UV Index to 7 (high), while December concludes the year with a moderate UV Index of 5, allowing for longer burn times of 30 minutes. This seasonal variation highlights the critical importance of sun protection in Parwan, especially during the peak summer months when extreme UV levels pose significant health risks.
UV Risk Categories
In Parwan, Afghanistan, daylight duration reveals a clear seasonal rhythm characterized by incremental increases from winter to summer. Starting in January and February, daylight lasts for 10 hours, providing relatively shorter days during the coldest months. As spring approaches, March sees a slight extension to 11 hours, while April and May both maintain 13 hours of daylight, marking a significant shift towards longer days. June and July represent the peak of daylight duration, with both months offering an impressive 14 hours of sunlight, enhancing outdoor activities and agricultural productivity.
However, as summer transitions into fall and winter, daylight duration begins to diminish steadily. In August, daylight decreases to 13 hours, followed by a gradual decline through September (12 hours) and October (11 hours). This descending trend continues into November, where daylight drops to 10 hours, and finally reaches its nadir in December with just 9 hours. This cyclical pattern underscores the characteristic variation in daylight hours in Parwan, reflecting the region's climatological changes throughout the year and influencing both daily life and seasonal planning.
The climate in Bagh-e Maidan, Afghanistan, is characterized by harsh winters and warm summers. January temperatures range from a minimum of -19°C to a maximum of 3°C, with significant precipitation peaking in February and April at over 100 mm. Summer months, particularly July and August, see average temperatures around 18°C to 17°C and minimal rain. Sunshine is abundant, with June experiencing the most hours at 409. For more detailed information, visit Bagh-e Maidan climate.
The climate in Charikar, Afghanistan, is characterized by cold winters and warm summers. January sees temperatures ranging from -19°C to 12°C, while July peaks at 36°C. Precipitation is highest in February at 82 mm, decreasing significantly in the summer months. The region enjoys plenty of sunshine, with June boasting the most hours at 409. For more detailed information, visit Charikar climate.
Dahan-e Jarf, Afghanistan experiences a stark climate with cold winters and mild summers. January temperatures can plunge to a minimum of -29°C (-20°F), while July sees warmer averages of 16°C (60°F) and highs around 25°C (78°F). Precipitation peaks in May with 93 mm (3.6 in), while the summer months receive significantly less rainfall. The region enjoys ample sunshine, particularly in July, with up to 418 hours of sun. For more details, visit Dahan-e Jarf climate.
Dandar, Afghanistan, experiences a broad range of temperatures throughout the year, with January lows reaching -15°C (5°F) and July highs soaring to 39°C (102°F). Precipitation is highest in February and March, totaling around 71 mm (2.8 in) and 73 mm (2.9 in) respectively, while the summer months see significantly less rain. Sunshine hours peak in the summer, particularly in July with around 416 hours, contributing to its warm climate. The area also experiences notable seasonal variations, including cold winters and hot summers. For more detailed information, visit Dandar climate.
Ghulam 'Ali, Afghanistan experiences a marked climate variation throughout the year, with cold winters and warm summers. January sees temperatures ranging from -19°C to 12°C, while July boasts temperatures between 13°C and 36°C. Precipitation is highest in February (82 mm) and significantly lower during the summer months, reaching as low as 1 mm in August and September. The region enjoys abundant sunshine, particularly in June and July, with over 400 hours of sun each month. For a detailed overview, visit Ghulam 'Ali climate.
The climate in Ibrahim Khan, Afghanistan, is characterized by cold winters and warm summers. In January, temperatures range from a chilly -19°C to a mild 12°C, while July sees highs of 36°C. Precipitation is highest in February at 82 mm, with minimal rainfall occurring from June to September. Sunshine is abundant, especially in summer, with July receiving up to 418 hours of sunlight. For more detailed information, visit Ibrahim Khan climate.
Jabal os Saraj, Afghanistan, experiences a diverse climate with harsh winters and warm summers. January temperatures can drop to -19°C (-2°F), while July typically sees highs around 36°C (97°F). Precipitation is highest in February (82 mm) and declines significantly in the summer months, reaching a mere 1 mm in August. The region enjoys abundant sunshine, particularly in June and July, with over 400 hours of sunlight. For more details, visit Jabal os Saraj climate.
The climate in Qashqal, Afghanistan, presents extreme seasonal variations, with winter temperatures dipping as low as -22°C (-8°F) in January and averaging -7°C (20°F), while summer sees highs around 31°C (88°F) in July and August. Precipitation peaks during the winter and spring months, particularly in February with 100 mm (3.9 in), while summer months remain quite dry, registering as low as 3 mm (0.1 in) in August. Sunshine hours are abundant, especially in June and July, with over 400 hours, contributing to warm summer days. For more detailed information on this region's climate, visit Qashqal climate.
The climate in Siyahgird, Afghanistan, is characterized by harsh winters and warm summers. January temperatures can drop as low as -27°C (-16°F), while July peaks at 27°C (81°F). Precipitation is highest in winter and spring, with February averaging 78 mm (3.1 in), and decreases significantly during the summer months. Sunshine is abundant, especially in July, with approximately 417 hours recorded. For more detailed information, visit Siyahgird climate.
In conclusion, the climatic and environmental patterns observed in Parwan, Afghanistan, highlight the region's distinct seasonal variations and their implications for daily life. The significant fluctuations in temperature, precipitation, sunshine duration, UV index, and daylight hours illustrate a dynamic ecosystem shaped by the transition from harsh winters to warm summers. Understanding these trends is essential for local residents, farmers, and policymakers, as they underscore the need for effective strategies in agricultural practices, health considerations for sun exposure, and resource management throughout the year. As Parwan continues to navigate these climatic challenges, awareness and adaptation will play crucial roles in fostering resilience and sustainability in this unique setting.