Last updated: January 18, 2025
The climate of the White Nile region in Sudan is characterized by a predominantly arid environment, classified under the Koppen-Geiger climate types as BWh (hot desert) and BSh (semi-arid steppe). With a minimum temperature reaching 11°C (52°F) in January, the region experiences a warm average of 30°C (86°F) throughout the year. However, the peak of summer brings extremes, with maximum temperatures soaring up to 46°C (115°F) in May. This temperature variation defines the climatic conditions, influencing both the ecosystem and human activities in the area.
Temperature patterns in the White Nile region of Sudan reveal a distinct seasonal progression marked by a gradual rise in heat as the year progresses. Beginning in January with a minimum temperature of 11°C (52°F), the region experiences a steady increase, peaking in May when maximums reach an extreme 46°C (115°F). This month also sees average temperatures climb to 34°C (94°F), representing the height of the hot season. Following May, temperatures begin to moderate slightly during the summer months of June and July, yet remain high, with maximums around 42°C (109°F). As the year transitions to the cooler months of late autumn and winter, average temperatures drop to the low 30s°C, and minimums hover around the 14-23°C mark, creating a significant temperature range and highlighting the characteristically arid climate of the region.
Wad az Zaki experiences a minimum temperature of 11°C (52°F) in January, reaching a peak of 45°C (114°F) in May. Similarly, Rabak has slightly warmer temperatures with a minimum of 13°C (56°F) in January, also maxing out at 45°C (114°F) in May. Tandalti's climate is comparable, with January lows at 12°C (53°F) and a maximum of 45°C (113°F) in May. For more detailed climate information, visit monthly temperatures in Wad az Zaki, monthly temperatures in Rabak, and monthly temperatures in Tandalti.
Precipitation in the White Nile region of Sudan showcases a pronounced seasonality, with the majority of rainfall occurring during the summer months. From January through March, the region remains remarkably dry, receiving no precipitation at all. A minimal amount of rainfall begins to emerge in April, with just 1 mm, but it is not until May that more significant rainfalls are recorded, totaling 13 mm over approximately three days. As the summer progresses into June and July, precipitation escalates, reaching 44 mm in July, marking the peak of the rainy season.
August is the wettest month, with a substantial 99 mm of rain, indicating a shift towards a more humid climate. However, as the season changes, precipitation declines sharply in September to 26 mm and further diminishes in October to 15 mm. By November and December, the region returns to a dry spell, receiving no rainfall, which reinforces the stark seasonal contrasts typical of its climate. This pattern not only influences the ecosystem but also significantly impacts agricultural practices and water resource management throughout the year.
The White Nile region of Sudan experiences a remarkable variation in sunshine duration throughout the year, reflecting its predominantly arid climate. Starting with 272 hours of sunshine in January, there is a consistent upward trend as winter transitions into spring, culminating in 354 hours in May, which marks the peak of sunshine just before the onset of the rainy season. March stands out as a notable month, with 346 hours of bright sunshine, tightly rivaling May's totals, emphasizing the region's extended daylight under clear skies during this time.
As the rainy season approaches in June, sunshine hours remain relatively stable with 339 hours, demonstrating the resilience of sunlight in the midst of increasing precipitation. This pattern continues into the summer months of July and August, where hours of sunshine slightly decline to 333 and 330 hours, respectively. As August gives way to September, sunshine duration begins to taper to 327 hours, before stabilizing around 321 to 335 hours through the autumn months, revealing how even as rainfall increases in late summer, ample sunshine persists. Overall, the predominance of sunlight throughout the year reinforces the region's potential for solar energy utilization and its stark climatic identity.
The UV Index in the White Nile region of Sudan consistently reaches dangerously high levels throughout the year, indicating an extreme risk for unprotected skin. From January to August, the UV Index hovers between 11 and 14, categorizing it as extreme and necessitating protective measures within just 10 minutes of sun exposure. March marks the highest recorded UV Index of 14, underscoring the critical need for sun safety during this time. This relentless intensity continues into the summer months, where values remain elevated, emphasizing the perpetual exposure risk that comes with the region's abundant sunshine.
As autumn approaches, there is a slight reduction in the UV Index, with November and December presenting values of 10, which falls under the very high category. During these months, the recommended burn time extends to 15 minutes, yet still highlights the need for caution. This persistence of high UV levels throughout the year serves as a reminder of the health implications associated with sun exposure in the White Nile area, further emphasizing the importance of sun protection practices for residents and visitors alike.
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In the White Nile region of Sudan, daylight duration exhibits a unique pattern that reflects the area's geographical positioning and climatic conditions. January and February see a consistent 11 hours of daylight, maintaining a steady rhythm as the year begins. As the days progress into March, daylight increases slightly, reaching 12 hours, and this extended duration continues uninterrupted through the following months of April, May, and into the summer, providing ample light for various activities and agricultural practices.
As summer transitions into autumn, daylight duration begins to recede, but it remains resilient at 12 hours from June through September. However, with the arrival of October, the daylight hours taper back down to 11 hours, and this trend continues into November and December. This cyclical shift in daylight duration highlights the region's consistency, ensuring that despite fluctuations, the amount of sunlight remains relatively stable throughout the year, contributing to the unique climate and lifestyle of the White Nile area.
Ad Douiem, Sudan experiences a primarily arid climate, with temperatures ranging from a minimum of 11°C (53°F) in January to a maximum of 46°C (115°F) in May. The hottest months are typically April and May, while the cooler temperatures occur from December to February. Rainfall is scarce, mainly falling during the summer months of July and August, with August receiving the highest precipitation at 91 mm (3.6 in). Despite the limited rain, Ad Douiem enjoys abundant sunshine throughout the year, peaking in May with 356 hours. For more detailed information, visit Ad Douiem climate.
Al Kawa, Sudan experiences a hot desert climate characterized by high temperatures year-round, with maximum averages reaching up to 46°C (115°F) in May. The dry season spans most of the year, with minimal precipitation, peaking in August with 101 mm (4.0 in). Sunshine is abundant, with an average of 355 hours in May and consistently high hours throughout the year. Despite the extreme heat, the humidity is generally low. For more detailed climate information, see Al Kawa climate.
Al Qitena, Sudan experiences a hot desert climate with high temperatures year-round. January sees minimal temperatures around 11°C (52°F), rising to a peak of 45°C (114°F) in May. The month of August tends to be the wettest, receiving 54 mm (2.1 in) of rainfall, while the dry months from November to March report no precipitation. The region benefits from abundant sunshine, averaging between 305 and 358 hours per month throughout the year. For more detailed weather information, visit Al Qitena climate.
Kosti, Sudan experiences a hot desert climate characterized by high temperatures year-round, with average lows ranging from 13°C in January to 24°C in May. Maximum temperatures can soar to 45°C in April and May, while the wettest months are July and August, receiving up to 115 mm of rainfall. Despite the rainfall, the region enjoys significant sunshine, with hours peaking at 353 in May. The dry season sees almost no precipitation, making Kosti a predominantly arid area. For more details, visit Kosti climate.
Marabba, Sudan experiences a hot desert climate characterized by high temperatures throughout the year. Average temperatures range from 27°C (80°F) in January to a peak of 34°C (93°F) in both April and May, with maximum temperatures reaching up to 45°C (113°F). Rainfall is minimal, occurring primarily from May to September, with August receiving the highest precipitation at 141 mm (5.5 in). Despite the heat, Marabba enjoys ample sunshine, particularly in March and May, boasting over 350 hours of sunlight monthly. For more details on local climate patterns, visit Marabba climate.
The climate in Rabak, Sudan, is characterized by extreme heat, especially from March to May, where average temperatures can reach up to 34°C (94°F). January to March offers cooler temperatures, while between June and September, rainfall increases significantly, peaking in August with 115 mm (4.5 in) of precipitation. The region enjoys abundant sunshine, with daily hours ranging from 272 in January to 353 in May. Overall, Rabak experiences a dry climate interspersed with brief and intense rainy periods. For more details, visit Rabak climate.
Tandalti, Sudan experiences a hot desert climate with significant temperature variation throughout the year. January starts with pleasant temperatures averaging 25°C (77°F), but it can rise up to 45°C (113°F) by May. Precipitation is minimal, mostly occurring from May to August, with August being the wettest month at 109 mm (4.3 in). Sunshine is abundant, peaking in March with 346 hours of sunlight, ensuring a bright and warm environment year-round. For more detailed information, visit Tandalti climate.
Um Jar Al Gharbiyya, Sudan experiences a hot desert climate characterized by extremely high temperatures, especially from April to June when maximum averages can reach up to 46°C (115°F). The summer months, particularly August, bring the most rainfall, with about 101 mm (4.0 in), while the rest of the year remains relatively dry. Sunshine is abundant throughout the year, with nearly 355 hours recorded in May alone. Despite the high temperatures, the region enjoys clear skies, making it a unique desert environment. For more detailed information, visit Um Jar Al Gharbiyya climate.
Wad az Zaki, Sudan, experiences a hot desert climate characterized by high temperatures and low precipitation. From January to April, temperatures range from a minimum of 11°C (52°F) to a maximum of 44°C (112°F), with average temperatures consistently rising. The region sees a notable increase in rainfall during the summer months, particularly in July and August, when up to 68 mm (2.7 in) of rain can fall, though much of the year remains dry. With abundant sunshine, ranging from 270 to 358 hours monthly, Wad az Zaki offers bright and sunny conditions throughout the year. For more details, visit Wad az Zaki climate.
In conclusion, the climate of the White Nile region in Sudan, characterized by its arid conditions and significant sunshine, presents unique challenges and opportunities for residents and the environment alike. The extreme temperatures and high UV index underscore the importance of sun safety, while the predictable daylight duration facilitates agricultural practices and daily activities. Understanding these climatic features not only aids in effective resource management but also emphasizes the need for sustainable practices to optimize living conditions in this dynamic region. As climate change continues to influence global weather patterns, ongoing awareness and adaptation will be essential for the resilience of communities in the White Nile area.