Last updated: January 18, 2025
West Kordofan State, situated in Sudan, exhibits a predominantly arid climate as characterized by the Köppen-Geiger climate classifications BWh (hot desert) and BSh (semi-arid). The region experiences significant temperature fluctuations throughout the year, with a minimum recorded temperature of 9°C (49°F) in January, rising to an average of 28°C (83°F). Peak heat is observed in March, where temperatures can soar to a maximum of 44°C (112°F). These climatic conditions underscore the challenges and adaptations necessary for both the environment and the inhabitants of this distinctive region.
West Kordofan State experiences distinct temperature patterns that reflect the transition from cool to hot seasons throughout the year. January marks the beginning with cooler temperatures, featuring a minimum of 9°C (49°F) and an average of 24°C (76°F), while temperatures gradually rise in February and March, reaching a peak maximum of 44°C (112°F) in March. April continues this upward trend, sustaining high temperatures with an average of 32°C (90°F), as the region approaches its hottest months. By June, the heat begins to temper slightly, with summer averages settling around 30°C (86°F). The temperatures remain relatively stable through the early fall, with averages around 27°C (80°F) in September, before gradually cooling down towards the end of the year, as seen in November and December where averages dip back to 26°C (79°F). This seasonal progression highlights the arid climate's characteristic extremes, transitioning from cool winter months to intensely hot summer periods.
In the region of West Kordofan, An Nuhud experiences a minimum temperature of 9°C (49°F) in January, reaching a maximum of 43°C (109°F) in May, while Al Lagowa has a slightly higher minimum of 12°C (54°F) in January and peaks at 43°C (110°F) in March. Al Mijlad shows a minimum temperature of 13°C (55°F) in January, with the highest recorded temperature reaching 44°C (112°F) in March. For more information on monthly temperatures, visit monthly temperatures in An Nuhud, monthly temperatures in Al Lagowa, and monthly temperatures in Al Mijlad.
In West Kordofan State, precipitation patterns are characterized by a stark contrast between the dry and wet seasons. The months of January through March record negligible rainfall, with 0 mm of precipitation, indicating the dry conditions typical of the region. A slight uptick is observed in April with 1 mm of rain, signaling the onset of the rainy season. However, substantial precipitation occurs from May to September, with July and August being the peak months, receiving 72 mm (2.9 in) and 129 mm (5.1 in), respectively. This period accounts for the majority of the annual rainfall, lasting approximately five months, marked by increased humidity and the transformation of the landscape.
Following the peak rainy months, precipitation sharply declines again, with October contributing 41 mm (1.6 in) before returning to dry conditions in November and December, both recording 0 mm of rainfall. The number of rainy days correlates with these patterns, as July and August see the highest frequency of rain, with 14 and 17 days of precipitation, respectively. This seasonal shift underscores the distinct aridity that characterizes West Kordofan State, anchoring a climate suited for adapted flora and fauna that can withstand prolonged dry spells interspersed with brief but intense wet periods.
West Kordofan State experiences a pronounced variation in sunshine duration throughout the year, with a clear upward trend from winter into summer. The year starts with 274 hours of sunshine in January, gradually increasing as the days lengthen into February and March, where the state enjoys 307 and 344 hours, respectively. March stands out as a particularly bright month, reflecting the transition toward the hotter and sunnier season. This upward trajectory continues into late spring and early summer, with May peaking at 351 hours of sunshine, showcasing an abundance of clear skies that is vital for the region's arid climate.
As summer progresses, sunshine duration remains relatively stable, with hours slightly declining from June to August, which still retain over 325 hours each month. Interestingly, September to November shows a return to a gradual decline in sunshine hours; however, the figures remain robust, with October offering 335 hours and November slightly lower at 323 hours. This trend illustrates the region's capacity to maintain significant sunlight even as the cooler months approach. Ultimately, the fairly consistent annual sunshine profile not only highlights the climatic conditions but also underpins the livelihoods of communities dependent on solar energy and agricultural practices adapted to the region's unique characteristics.
The UV Index in West Kordofan State reveals a concerning trend of extreme sun exposure throughout the year, necessitating caution from residents and visitors alike. Beginning in January, the UV Index starts at 11, indicating an extreme level of UV radiation that persists consistently. The intensity peaks in March, reaching 14, which is particularly alarming due to its corresponding burn time of just 10 minutes. This extreme exposure continues through the months of April, May, and July, reinforcing the need for protective measures such as sunscreen and appropriate clothing, especially during peak sunlight hours.
As summer transitions to fall, the UV Index fluctuates slightly but remains predominantly high, with values averaging between 12 and 14 until September. Notably, the index decreases to 13 in September and 12 in October before settling into the 10 range for November and December, classified as very high but slightly less critical, allowing for a burn time of 15 minutes. This data underscores the persistent risk that high UV levels pose throughout the year in West Kordofan State, as well as the importance of public awareness regarding sun safety practices to mitigate potential health risks associated with prolonged sun exposure.
UV Risk Categories
In West Kordofan State, daylight duration remains relatively stable throughout the year, showcasing a subtle yet noticeable pattern. The year opens with 11 hours of daylight in both January and February as the region emerges from the cooler winter months. A slight increase occurs in March as daylight extends to 12 hours, a trend that sustains through the subsequent months of April, May, and into the height of summer in June and July. This consistency illustrates the region's equatorial proximity, where the sun's path offers long days that are pivotal for agricultural cycles and daily activities.
As summer begins to wane, daylight duration gradually reverts to 11 hours by October, and remains consistent through November and December. This cyclical return to shorter days signals a transition back to the winter months, emphasizing the consistent daylight patterns inherent to the region. Overall, the steady rhythm of daylight hours throughout the year not only influences the ecological dynamics but also plays a crucial role in the lives and practices of the local communities, highlighting the relationship between sunlight and livelihood in West Kordofan State.
Abu Zabad, Sudan experiences a hot desert climate characterized by high temperatures year-round, with peaks in May reaching up to 43°C (109°F). The winter months, from December to February, have milder temperatures averaging around 25°C (77°F) but can drop to as low as 10°C (51°F) overnight. Rainfall is scarce, mainly occurring from May to October, with August receiving the highest precipitation at 106 mm (4.2 in). Sunshine is abundant throughout the year, with the highest hours recorded in March at 344 hours. For more details, visit Abu Zabad climate.
Al Lagowa, Sudan experiences a hot desert climate characterized by high temperatures and minimal rainfall. January to March sees average temperatures rising from 26°C (79°F) to 31°C (88°F), with maximums reaching up to 43°C (110°F) in April and May. The wet season peaks in July and August, receiving over 100 mm of rain, while the dry season, particularly from November to March, receives little to no precipitation. Sunshine is abundant year-round, with monthly totals generally exceeding 300 hours. For more detailed information, visit Al Lagowa climate.
The climate in Al Mijlad, Sudan, is characterized by hot temperatures and low precipitation most of the year. From January to March, temperatures can soar up to 44°C (112°F) with minimal rainfall, while April marks the onset of increased precipitation, peaking dramatically in August with 136 mm (5.4 in). The average temperatures range from a comfortable 26°C (79°F) in January to higher averages of 33°C (91°F) in both April and May. Despite the summer rains, the region enjoys substantial sunshine, exceeding 300 hours monthly, making it an arid and bright area overall. For more detailed information, visit Al Mijlad climate.
An Nuhud, Sudan experiences a hot desert climate characterized by extremely high temperatures and low precipitation. From January to April, temperatures rise significantly, reaching a maximum of 43°C (109°F) in May. The rainy season occurs from May to September, with August receiving the most rainfall at 113 mm (4.4 in). Despite the heat, the region enjoys abundant sunshine throughout the year, peaking in May with 354 hours of sunlight. For more details, visit An Nuhud climate.
El Fula, Sudan experiences a hot desert climate with significant temperature variations throughout the year. January temperatures range from 11°C (52°F) to 41°C (105°F), peaking in March and April. Rainfall is minimal from January to April, increasing significantly during the summer months, with August receiving the highest precipitation at 127 mm (5.0 in). The region enjoys abundant sunshine, particularly from February to May, when daylight hours exceed 300 hours monthly. For more details, visit El Fula climate.
In conclusion, West Kordofan State, Sudan, demonstrates a remarkable interplay of climatic factors that shape its environmental conditions and influence life in the region. The temperature variations exhibit a stark contrast between the cooler winter months and the scorching heat of summer, while precipitation patterns emphasize the reliance on brief yet intense rainy periods. Coupled with high UV index readings and consistent daylight duration, these elements underscore the challenges faced by local inhabitants in terms of health, agriculture, and adaptation strategies. Understanding these climatic dynamics is essential for developing effective policies and practices that promote sustainable living and resource management in this arid landscape, ultimately fostering resilience in the face of climate variability.