Last updated: January 18, 2025
Southern Kordofan, Sudan, exemplifies a BSh climate classification, indicating a semi-arid region characterized by a distinct seasonal variation in temperature. The annual climatic cycle experiences a minimum temperature of 10°C (51°F) in January, showcasing the cooler winter months, while the average temperature hovers around 28°C (83°F). The peak of heat is registered in March, where maximum temperatures can reach a sweltering 44°C (111°F). This climate profile greatly influences the region's ecosystems and agricultural practices, making Southern Kordofan a focal point for climate-related studies in arid environments.
In Southern Kordofan, Sudan, temperature patterns exhibit distinct seasonal trends throughout the year. The region experiences its lowest temperatures in January, with minimums dropping to 10°C (51°F) and maximums reaching 41°C (106°F), creating a cooler winter climate. As February and March approach, temperatures gradually rise, peaking in March with an average of 31°C (87°F) and maximums soaring to 44°C (111°F), marking the onset of the hot dry season. April maintains this warmth, while May witnesses a slight decrease in maximum temperatures. The arrival of the rainy season in June brings a modest drop in the average temperature, which continues into the cooler months of July and August, where temperatures range from 20°C (68°F) to 26°C (80°F) and maximums decrease to the mid-30s. By September through December, temperatures stabilize, showing mild fluctuations, with averages hovering around 27°C (81°F). This seasonal cycle reflects the influence of both dry and wet periods, shaping the region's unique climate characteristics.
Dilling experiences a minimum temperature of 10°C (51°F) in January, rising to a maximum of 42°C (108°F) in May, making it one of the cooler locations in Southern Kordofan. In contrast, Abu Jibeha has a slightly warmer minimum of 14°C (57°F) in January and reaches a peak of 43°C (110°F) in May, indicating a similar trend. Talodi shares the same minimum temperature of 14°C (58°F) in January, but its maximum of 43°C (110°F) occurs earlier in March. For detailed monthly temperature insights, refer to monthly temperatures in Dilling, monthly temperatures in Abu Jibeha, and monthly temperatures in Talodi.
Southern Kordofan, Sudan, demonstrates a pronounced seasonal pattern in precipitation, with the majority of rainfall concentrated in the summer months from May to September. During the first four months of the year, the region experiences minimal to no rainfall, with January and February receiving 0 mm per month, signifying a dry pre-monsoon period. A slight uptick occurs in March with just 1 mm, followed by a more noticeable increase in April, where 5 mm of rainfall is recorded. This gradual buildup sets the stage for the rainy season, which begins in May, escalating to 41 mm over 9 days, and peaks in August with an impressive 170 mm spread across 22 days.
As the rainy season progresses, rainfall volumes begin to decline after August, but significant precipitation continues through September with 101 mm, followed by October receiving 57 mm. The month of November marks the end of the rainy season, returning to dry conditions, with 0 mm recorded. Notably, the distribution of rainy days also follows this seasonal rhythm, peaking at 22 days in August before tapering off. This precipitation pattern is crucial for Southern Kordofan’s agriculture and water resources, highlighting the region's dependency on these seasonal rains.
In Southern Kordofan, Sudan, sunshine duration reveals a clear pattern tied to the changing seasons, with a noteworthy increase in sunlight hours from January through May. Beginning with 275 hours in January, the region experiences a steady ascent in sunshine, reaching a high of 347 hours in May. This period marks the approach of the summer months, characterized by clear skies and prolonged daylight, essential for agriculture and daily life. The consistency of sunshine during this transition is vital for crop growth and the overall vitality of the ecosystem, demonstrating the significance of solar exposure in this semi-arid region.
As the summer progresses into the rainy season, sunlight hours exhibit a slight decline, stabilizing around 319-330 hours from June to August. This reduction aligns with the monsoonal rains that bring cloud cover and intermittent storms, yet the hours of sunshine remain relatively generous. In the latter part of the year, from September to December, sunshine duration gradually increases again, with a peak of 347 hours in October, indicating a return to dry conditions. Overall, the sunshine trends in Southern Kordofan not only underscore the region's climatic variability but also reflect the influence of seasonal changes on agricultural practices and daily activities, making it a fascinating area for studying the interplay between climate and human life.
The UV Index in Southern Kordofan, Sudan, consistently reflects high levels of ultraviolet radiation throughout the year, with notable peaks during the summer months. Starting from January with a UV Index of 11, the exposure category remains at "extreme" until July, when it reaches its zenith of 15 in August. This indicates a sustained risk of harm from unprotected sun exposure, where a burn can occur in as little as 10 minutes during the peak months. The month of March marks a significant high at 14, showcasing the intensity of solar radiation as the region transitions from the cooler months into the hot season.
As the year progresses, the UV Index shows a slight decline approaching the rainy season, dropping to 12 in June and October. Even during these months, the exposure category remains "extreme". Notably, the UV Index returns to a "very high" category in November and December, with an Index of 10 and an increased burn time of 15 minutes, highlighting that even in the cooler months, the sun's rays can pose significant risks. This persistent high UV Index throughout the year underscores the importance of protective measures against sun exposure, as residents and visitors alike must remain vigilant to safeguard their health in this sun-drenched region.
UV Risk Categories
Daylight duration in Southern Kordofan, Sudan, exhibits a relatively stable pattern throughout the year, with slight variations that reflect the region's geographical position. From January to February, the length of the day remains constant at 11 hours, setting a consistent baseline as the region transitions into spring. This consistency prevails until March, when daylight increases to 12 hours, a duration that is maintained from March through September. This extended sunlight during the middle portion of the year not only enhances the warmth but also provides ample opportunity for agricultural activities, crucial for the region's economy.
As the year progresses towards the end, daylight duration begins to taper off again, reverting to 11 hours in October and persisting through November and December. This rhythm of daylight demonstrates a typical tropical pattern, where variations are modest compared to higher latitudes. Overall, the relatively uniform daylight hours throughout the year in Southern Kordofan facilitate a predictable environment, supporting both ecological and agricultural systems that thrive on consistent sunlight exposure.
The climate in Abu Jibeha, Sudan, is characterized by hot temperatures and a distinct wet season. From January to March, temperatures range from a minimum of 14°C (57°F) to a maximum of 42°C (108°F), with little to no precipitation. The wettest months, July and August, see temperatures averaging 25°C (76°F) and 32°C (90°F) respectively, accompanied by significant rainfall—up to 177 mm (7.0 in). Despite the heat, Abu Jibeha enjoys ample sunshine throughout the year, achieving over 300 hours in most months. For more details, visit Abu Jibeha climate.
Al Fulah, Sudan experiences a hot desert climate characterized by high temperatures year-round. January sees temperatures ranging from a cool 11°C (52°F) at night to a scorching 41°C (105°F) during the day, while summer months can peak at 44°C (111°F). Precipitation is minimal in the early months, but humidity increases with significant rainfall from June to August, reaching up to 127 mm (5.0 in). Despite this, the area enjoys abundant sunshine, with over 300 hours of sun each month. For more details, visit Al Fulah climate.
Dilling, Sudan, experiences a hot desert climate with significant temperature variations throughout the year. January marks the coolest month, with temperatures ranging from 10°C to 39°C, while summer months from May to August record maximums consistently above 40°C. Rainfall is scarce from January to March, then increases sharply in the summer, peaking in August with 164 mm. Despite the heat, Dilling enjoys abundant sunshine, averaging over 300 hours monthly. For more details, visit Dilling climate.
Kadugli, Sudan, experiences a hot and dry climate, with temperatures ranging from a minimum of 14°C (57°F) in January to a peak of 44°C (111°F) in March. The rainy season typically begins in May, peaking in August with around 195 mm (7.7 in) of precipitation. Despite the rains, Kadugli enjoys abundant sunshine year-round, averaging over 300 hours in most months. The cooler months are from June to August, when temperatures are more moderate. For more details, visit Kadugli climate.
Talodi, Sudan experiences a hot desert climate characterized by high temperatures and limited rainfall. Temperatures range from a minimum of 14°C (58°F) in January to a maximum of 43°C (110°F) in March, with average monthly temperatures around 27°C to 32°C (81°F to 89°F). The rainy season typically spans from May to August, peaking in August with 184 mm (7.3 in) of precipitation. Despite the heat, the area enjoys ample sunshine throughout the year, with over 300 hours of sunlight in most months. For more detailed information, visit Talodi climate.
In conclusion, Southern Kordofan, Sudan, presents a unique climatic landscape characterized by its semi-arid environment, remarkable temperature ranges, and distinct seasonal patterns in precipitation, sunshine, UV Index, and daylight duration. The region experiences extreme temperatures during the summer months, with intense sunshine and high UV levels that necessitate protective measures for its inhabitants. While the rainy season promotes agricultural pursuits, the consistent daylight hours throughout the year support a predictable rhythm for farming and everyday life. Understanding these climatic dynamics is crucial for sustainable development and resource management in Southern Kordofan, helping to mitigate the effects of climate variability and enhance the resilience of local communities.