Last updated: January 18, 2025
Kassala, located in eastern Sudan, exhibits a BWh Köppen-Geiger climate classification, characterized as a hot desert. The city experiences dramatic temperature fluctuations, with a minimum of 12°C (54°F) recorded in January, reaching an average of 30°C (86°F) throughout the year. The peak heat is observed in June, where temperatures can soar to a maximum of 46°C (115°F). This extreme climate plays a pivotal role in shaping the local environment and the lifestyle of its inhabitants, reflecting the harsh realities of desert living.
Kassala, Sudan, experiences a distinct range of temperatures throughout the year, illustrating a clear pattern of seasonal variation. The year begins with cooler temperatures in January, where minimums drop to 12°C (54°F), gradually rising through the months. By March, temperatures begin to escalate significantly, peaking in the summer months of May and June, where maximums can reach 46°C (115°F). As the rainy season approaches, the heat slightly subsides, with July and August presenting more moderate temperatures, with averages around 31°C (89°F) and 29°C (85°F), respectively. Fall brings a gradual cooling down, allowing for a more temperate climate by November, where minimums hover around 19°C (66°F). This temperature pattern underscores Kassala's hot desert climate, reflecting the extremes of a region characterized by intense heat interspersed with brief periods of respite.
In the region of Kassala, January temperatures vary slightly among three locations. Aroma experiences a minimum of 12°C (54°F) and a maximum of 46°C (115°F) in June, while Wagar has a minimum of 13°C (56°F) in January and the same maximum as Aroma in June. Kassala itself boasts a minimum of 12°C (54°F) in January and reaches a maximum of 45°C (114°F) in June. For detailed monthly temperatures, you can refer to the data for Aroma, Wagar, and Kassala.
Kassala, Sudan, showcases a starkly arid climate, with minimal precipitation throughout much of the year. From January to March, the region experiences no rainfall, emphasizing its dry conditions. A slight increase occurs in April with 1 mm (0.1 in) of rain, but it is in the summer months that significant precipitation is observed. May marks the beginning of this shift, yielding 9 mm (0.4 in), and June follows closely with 10 mm (0.4 in).
The peak of the rainy season comes in July and August, where Kassala receives 40 mm (1.6 in) and 81 mm (3.2 in), respectively. This period is marked by frequent rain, averaging about 7 to 10 rainy days, which provides a much-needed respite from the otherwise dry conditions. As the year progresses into September and October, rainfall diminishes again to 13 mm (0.5 in) and 6 mm (0.2 in), before returning to its dry state in November and December, with no recorded precipitation. This seasonal fluctuation underscores the climatic extremes faced by the region, heavily influencing the local ecology and the livelihoods of its inhabitants.
In Kassala, Sudan, the sunshine duration exhibits a clear seasonal trend, with hours of sunlight steadily increasing from winter to summer. Starting with 269 hours in January, the sunshine hours experience a significant climb, reaching a peak of 359 hours in May. Both March and April contribute to this upward trajectory, each providing 348 hours of sunshine. This consistent increase culminates in the late spring, when the sun's intense rays dominate the sky, encouraging not only a bright atmosphere but also impacting local agriculture and overall energy levels.
As summer approaches, Kassala's sunshine duration slightly tapers but remains robust, with 347 hours in June, followed by 342 hours in July and 336 hours in August. The sun continues to shine brightly, though slightly less intensely than in May, with autumn bringing a gradual decline as the days shorten. By October, the city records 338 hours of sunlight, which further decreases to 323 hours in November. December maintains a fairly consistent 326 hours, wrapping up the year with a blend of both sunlit and shorter days. This pattern of sunshine underscores the region's predominantly bright climate, influencing both natural ecosystems and the daily lives of its residents.
Kassala, Sudan, faces significantly high levels of ultraviolet (UV) radiation throughout the year, with the UV Index consistently categorized as either very high or extreme. January kicks off the year with a UV Index of 10, categorized as very high, allowing for a burn time of just 15 minutes. As the months progress into February and March, the UV Index peaks at 12 and 14, respectively, both categorized as extreme, dramatically reducing the safe exposure time to 10 minutes. This pattern of extremely high UV exposure continues into April and May, maintaining a UV Index of 13 and 14, further emphasizing the need for effective sun protection during these months.
As the summer months unfold, the UV Index slightly decreases but still remains in the extreme range, with values of 11 recorded for June, July, September, October, and an occasional return to 12 in August. By November, the UV Index drops to 10, indicating very high exposure, while December sees a slight reduction to 9, though still categorized as very high. This consistent exposure underscores the importance of vigilant sun safety practices for residents and visitors in Kassala, making protective measures essential year-round to minimize the risks associated with intense solar radiation.
UV Risk Categories
In Kassala, Sudan, daylight duration displays a relatively stable pattern throughout the year, varying between 11 to 13 hours combined with the region's consistently bright climate. The year begins with 11 hours of daylight in both January and February, indicating a shorter period of natural light. By March, daylight begins to extend, reaching 12 hours, a trend that continues through April and May. During these months, the increased sunlight aligns with the region's warm temperatures, fostering an environment ripe for agricultural growth and outdoor activities.
The longest daylight occurs in June, with a peak of 13 hours, offering residents and visitors ample time to engage in sunlit pursuits. Following this, daylight duration returns to 12 hours in July and August, maintaining a significant span of light. Entering the fall months of September and October, daylight decreases slightly to 12 and 11 hours, respectively, before stabilizing back at 11 hours from November to December. This consistency in daylight duration supports a predictable rhythm in Kassala's daily life, reinforcing the importance of sunlight in both ecological functions and human activities throughout the year.
The climate in Aroma, Sudan is characterized by extreme heat, particularly from March to June, with maximum temperatures peaking at 46°C (115°F) in June. The area experiences minimal precipitation, with most rainfall occurring between July and August, when temperatures remain high but drop slightly. January to April sees clear skies and abundant sunshine, boasting over 300 hours of sunlight each month. The weather is predominantly dry, making Aroma's climate harsh and arid, ideal for those who thrive in warm conditions. For more details, visit Aroma climate.
The climate in Kassala, Sudan is characterized by high temperatures year-round, with averages ranging from 25°C (78°F) in January to 34°C (93°F) in May. The hottest months are April and May, where maximum temperatures can reach up to 44°C (111°F) and 45°C (114°F), respectively. Precipitation is minimal, with most rainfall occurring between May and August, peaking at 90 mm (3.5 in) in August. Kassala enjoys a significant amount of sunshine throughout the year, with May typically receiving the highest at 358 hours. For more details, visit Kassala climate.
Wagar, Sudan experiences a hot desert climate characterized by high temperatures year-round. January sees temperatures ranging from 13°C (56°F) to 40°C (104°F), while the peak heat occurs in June, with maximums reaching 46°C (115°F). Precipitation is minimal, primarily falling between June and September, peaking in August with 69 mm (2.7 in). The region enjoys abundant sunshine, particularly in May, which boasts 360 hours of sunlight. For more details, visit Wagar climate.
In conclusion, Kassala, Sudan, presents a distinctive climatic profile characterized by its arid conditions, intense sunlight, and high UV exposure throughout the year. The temperature ranges dramatically from mild winters to scorching summers, while precipitation remains minimal, primarily concentrated in the rainy season. This region's significant sunshine duration provides ample daylight, facilitating various activities, while also necessitating vigilant sun protection due to the extreme UV Index. Understanding these climatic elements is essential for residents and visitors alike, as they navigate the challenges and opportunities presented by Kassala's unique environment, making sun safety and effective resource management key components of life in this vibrant desert landscape.