Last updated: January 18, 2025
Sindh, Pakistan, is characterized by a BWh (arid) climate, exhibiting extreme temperature variations that define its seasonal weather patterns. The region experiences a minimum temperature of 3°C (37°F) in January, juxtaposed with an astonishing maximum of 50°C (123°F) typically reached in May. On average, temperatures hover around a scorching 27°C (81°F), underscoring the intense heat that characterizes this arid landscape. This distinct climatic profile profoundly influences the region's ecology, agriculture, and daily life, making it a vital area for climate studies.
Sindh, Pakistan, experiences significant seasonal temperature fluctuations that depict an increasingly warm climate throughout the year. The year begins with January's cool temperatures, where minimums drop to 3°C (37°F) and a mild average of 16°C (61°F). As the region transitions into February and March, temperatures gradually rise, with peaks in March reaching up to 44°C (112°F). The onset of April heralds the arrival of extreme heat, as maximum temperatures soar to 49°C (120°F), culminating in May's scorching 50°C (123°F). The high temperatures persist through June and July, with only minor fluctuations, before beginning a gradual decline in August. By October, the climate starts to cool down noticeably, while December returns to the mild conditions experienced in January, showcasing a clear pattern of escalating warmth that is characteristic of Sindh's climate.
The climate of Sukkur features a minimum temperature of 5°C (41°F) in January, peaking at a scorching 47°C (116°F) in June, as detailed in monthly temperatures in Sukkur. In Hyderabad, temperatures range from a low of 6°C (43°F) in January to a high of 47°C (118°F) in May, highlighted in monthly temperatures in Hyderabad. Karachi experiences milder conditions with a minimum of 12°C (54°F) in January and a maximum of 39°C (102°F) in May, noted in monthly temperatures in Karachi.
Precipitation in Sindh, Pakistan, is notably scarce, particularly in the winter and early spring months. From January to April, the region experiences minimal rainfall, with monthly totals consistently below 10 mm, including a meager 3 mm (0.1 in) in both February and April. This trend continues into May, where only 5 mm (0.2 in) is recorded, signaling the dry conditions that dominate the first half of the year. Significantly, these months see zero days of rainfall, contributing to the arid climate that characterizes Sindh.
The rainy season begins in earnest during the summer months, particularly in July and August, when precipitation levels rise sharply. July sees an increase to 38 mm (1.5 in), followed by an impressive 68 mm (2.7 in) in August—the wettest month of the year. September experiences a decrease in rainfall to 23 mm (0.9 in), but still marks a substantial difference from the earlier months. Following the rainy season, October and November report only minimal rainfall, and by December, precipitation plummets to just 2 mm (0.1 in). This seasonal shift highlights the distinct wet and dry periods in Sindh's climate, emphasizing its overall aridity.
In Sindh, Pakistan, sunshine duration exhibits a compelling seasonal trend marked by a significant increase from winter to summer. The year begins with 245 hours of sunshine in January, gradually rising to 288 hours in February. This upward trajectory accelerates as spring approaches, with March recording 335 hours and April further increasing to 347 hours. By May, the region basks in its sunniest month of the year, boasting 371 hours of radiant sunlight, underlining the intense heat that accompanies this time.
The summer months maintain a robust level of sunshine, with June, July, and August experiencing slightly reduced hours, ranging from 362 to 348 hours. As the season transitions into autumn, the duration of sunshine begins to taper off, with September and October reporting 327 and 326 hours, respectively. This gradual decline continues into the winter months, where November and December see 294 and 296 hours of sunshine. Overall, the data highlights that Sindh enjoys a significant number of sunshine hours year-round, with a peak in late spring and summer, while still providing a reasonably bright climate in the cooler months.
The UV Index in Sindh, Pakistan, exhibits a stark seasonal variation, reflecting the region's intense sunlight and potential for skin damage. Starting with January, the UV Index registers at 7, categorized as high, allowing for a burn time of 25 minutes. As the year progresses into February, the situation becomes more critical, with the index rising to 8 and classified as very high, reducing safe exposure time to just 15 minutes. The trend reaches its peak during the spring and summer months, with March and April recording extreme levels of 11 and 12, respectively, and maintaining short burn times of only 10 minutes throughout May and into June.
During the summer months, specifically from June to August, the UV Index remains at 12 to 13, indicating extremely high levels of solar radiation, necessitating swift protective measures for outdoor activities. As September approaches, there is a slight decrease to 11, but it remains in the extreme category. In contrast, the UV Index decreases again in October to 10 and continues to lower throughout the fall and winter, with November and December reverting to high levels of 7 and 6, respectively, with an extended burn time of 25 minutes. This data underscores the crucial importance of sun protection, especially during the high UV months in Sindh, to mitigate the risks associated with prolonged sun exposure.
UV Risk Categories
In Sindh, Pakistan, daylight duration exhibits a clear seasonal pattern, reflecting the changing position of the sun throughout the year. The year opens with relatively short days in January, providing about 10 hours of sunlight. As February rolls in, daylight extends to 11 hours, setting the stage for longer days ahead. March marks the transition to spring, with daylight increasing to 12 hours, a trend that holds steady into April, which also offers 12 hours of sunlight. The momentum builds as May arrives, bringing the longest days of the year at 13 hours, a duration that continues through June and into July, highlighting the peak summer months.
As summer fades into fall, daylight gradually begins to decrease. August maintains the 13 hours of sunlight seen in the preceding months, but by September, the duration diminishes slightly to 12 hours. This decline continues into October, where daylight shrinks to 11 hours, and settles back into the shorter durations of 10 hours in both November and December. Overall, this daylight pattern illustrates the distinct seasonal changes in Sindh, characterized by a gradual increase leading up to the summer solstice, followed by a slow reduction as winter approaches.
Bhit Shah, Pakistan experiences a hot desert climate with significant temperature variations throughout the year. January sees mild temperatures ranging from 5°C to 28°C, while May and June reach extremes of up to 47°C. The monsoon season from July to August brings the majority of annual rainfall, with August recording 96 mm. Despite minimal precipitation during the rest of the year, sunshine is abundant, peaking in May with 370 hours. For more details, visit Bhit Shah climate.
Hyderabad, Pakistan experiences a diverse climate characterized by hot summers and mild winters. January temperatures range from a low of 6°C (43°F) to a high of 29°C (84°F), while May sees soaring highs of up to 47°C (118°F). Rainfall is sparse in the early months, but July and August bring significant precipitation, with August receiving 84 mm (3.3 in). The region enjoys abundant sunshine, peaking in May with 370 hours. For more detailed information, visit Hyderabad climate.
Karachi, Pakistan, experiences a hot desert climate, characterized by high temperatures and low precipitation. January sees cooler temperatures, with averages around 19°C (67°F), while May and June often peak at 30°C (86°F) and 31°C (87°F) respectively. The city receives most of its rainfall from July to August, totaling 135 mm (5.3 in) during these monsoon months. Sunshine is abundant throughout the year, with May garnering the highest at 374 hours. For more detailed information, visit Karachi climate.
Larkana, Pakistan experiences a hot desert climate, characterized by extreme temperatures and minimal rainfall. Summer months, particularly May and June, see average highs reaching up to 48°C (118°F), while winter months such as January and December offer milder temperatures with averages around 15°C (59°F) to 16°C (62°F). Precipitation is scarce, with the wettest months being July and August, receiving an average of 26 mm (1.0 in) and 43 mm (1.7 in), respectively. Sunshine is abundant year-round, peaking in May with 372 hours. For more details on the climate, visit Larkana climate.
Sehwan, Pakistan, experiences a diverse climate characterized by hot summers and mild winters. The hottest months are May and June, with average temperatures reaching up to 37°C (98°F) and 36°C (97°F), respectively, while January sees cooler weather with averages around 16°C (61°F). Precipitation is minimal except for the monsoon season in July and August, when rainfall can peak at 89 mm (3.5 in). The region enjoys abundant sunshine, particularly from April to June, with up to 370 hours of sunlight in May. For more details, visit Sehwan climate.
Sukkur, Pakistan experiences a hot desert climate characterized by extremely high summer temperatures, with average highs reaching up to 47°C (116°F) in May and June. Winters are mild, with January temperatures ranging from 5°C (41°F) to 26°C (79°F). Precipitation is sparse throughout the year, peaking in August with an average of 34 mm (1.3 in). Sunshine is abundant, especially from May to August, with over 350 hours of sunshine each month during this period. For more detailed information, visit Sukkur climate.
Thatta, Pakistan experiences a hot desert climate characterized by high temperatures and low precipitation throughout the year. The hottest months are May and June, where temperatures can reach up to 44°C (111°F), while the cooler months, like January, see averages around 18°C (64°F). Rainfall is minimal, with most precipitation occurring during the monsoon months of July and August, totaling 56 mm and 91 mm respectively. The city enjoys abundant sunshine, peaking in May with 372 hours. For more detailed information, visit Thatta climate.
In conclusion, the climate of Sindh, Pakistan, is defined by its distinct seasonal variations in temperature, precipitation, sunshine duration, UV Index, and daylight hours. The region experiences extreme heat during the summer months, alongside substantial sunshine and high UV Index levels, necessitating precautionary measures for outdoor activities. While the dry season prevails in the early part of the year, rainfall peaks during the monsoon months, offering a reprieve from the intense summer heat. The gradual changes in daylight duration reflect the broader climatic patterns as well. Understanding these climate characteristics is crucial for effective resource management, agriculture, and public health strategies in Sindh, ensuring that communities remain resilient in the face of climatic challenges.