Last updated: January 18, 2025
Borno, Nigeria, exhibits a distinctive climate characterized by the Koppen-Geiger classifications of BSh, Aw, and BWh, highlighting its semi-arid and tropical features. The region experiences a minimum temperature of approximately 8°C (47°F) in January, illustrating the cooler months, while an impressive average temperature of 28°C (83°F) prevails throughout the year. The peak of the thermal regime occurs in April, where temperatures may soar to a staggering 47°C (116°F), showcasing the intense heat that defines this unique environment. Understanding Borno's climate is essential for developing effective strategies for agriculture, water resources, and community resilience against environmental stressors.
Borno, Nigeria, experiences significant seasonal temperature variations throughout the year, characterized by increasingly warmer conditions as the months progress. January opens the year with cooler temperatures, featuring a minimum of 8°C (47°F) and an average of 23°C (74°F). This trend shifts in February and March, where temperatures rise steadily, reaching a peak average of 30°C (87°F) in March. April marks the height of heat, with maximum temperatures soaring to 47°C (116°F), followed closely by May, where averages maintain a high of 33°C (91°F). As the rainy season approaches in June and July, temperatures begin to slightly decline, averaging around 28°C (82°F), although the heat remains intense, with maximums still reaching the low 40s°C. By August, temperatures gradually cool as the rainy season progresses, with averages dropping to approximately 26°C (79°F), before stabilizing in the fall months of September through December, where the climate remains relatively moderate, averaging between 24°C (76°F) and 28°C (83°F), yet max temperatures occasionally reach above 40°C (104°F). This pattern underscores Borno's distinct seasonal climate, shaped by a striking contrast between extreme heat and brief periods of milder temperatures.
Kukawa experiences a minimum temperature of 11°C (52°F) in January, climbing to a scorching maximum of 45°C (114°F) in April monthly temperatures in Kukawa. In Gwoza, the temperature dips slightly lower, with a minimum of 9°C (49°F) in January and a peak of 42°C (108°F) in April monthly temperatures in Gwoza. Maiduguri shows similar temperature trends, recording a January minimum of 10°C (49°F) and a maximum of 44°C (112°F) in April monthly temperatures in Maiduguri.
Borno, Nigeria, experiences a distinct precipitation pattern characterized by a prolonged dry season from January to March, during which the region receives no rainfall. As the year progresses, the arrival of the rainy season begins in April with a modest 2 mm (0.1 in) of rain, signaling the transition towards wetter months. This increase in precipitation is notable in May, when rainfall rises to 21 mm (0.8 in) over a few days, and continues to escalate dramatically through June, July, and August, peaking in August at 210 mm (8.3 in), with rainfall occurring on an average of 21 days.
As August fades into September, precipitation levels gradually decrease; however, the region still records significant rainfall, measuring 100 mm (3.9 in). October sees a further reduction, with rainfall dropping to 31 mm (1.2 in). By November and December, Borno returns to its dry state, receiving no rainfall, and completing the year's cycle of marked contrasts between dry and wet seasons. This annual precipitation pattern underscores Borno's vulnerability to fluctuations in water availability, which is critical for agriculture and local ecosystems.
In Borno, Nigeria, sunshine duration reveals a clear seasonal trend, with hours of sunlight steadily increasing from January and reaching notable peaks in the middle of the year. Beginning with 269 hours in January, residents enjoy progressively longer days, culminating in 344 hours of sunshine in May, which marks the height of the pre-rainy season. This pattern highlights the very favorable conditions for outdoor activities and agriculture, as clear skies dominate during the first half of the year.
As the rainy season commences in June, though sunshine hours remain substantial at 330 hours, a slight decrease is observed during the months of August and September, where daylight hours drop but remain around 317 hours and 318 hours, respectively. October sees a rebound to 331 hours, suggesting that the post-rainy months also offer ample sunshine. Overall, Borno benefits from a robust amount of sunshine throughout the year, with the most radiant months occurring from February to May, while the rainy season brings a temporary moderation in sunshine but not an outright absence, illustrating the region’s balance of bright skies and seasonal rains.
The UV Index in Borno, Nigeria, highlights the region's exposure to intense ultraviolet radiation throughout the year, with values consistently categorized as extreme. Beginning in January with a UV Index of 11, the levels steadily escalate to a peak of 14 in September, underscoring a persistent need for sun protection during these months. The data indicates that regardless of season, individuals can reach their burn time—approximately 10 minutes—quickly, necessitating vigilance and protective measures to mitigate risks associated with high UV exposure.
As the year transitions into the later months, October sees a decline to a UV Index of 12, followed by November and December, where it further moderates to 10 and earns a classification of very high. This signifies that while the likelihood of sunburn increases less dramatically, individuals should continue to apply sun safety practices. The overall pattern emphasizes the critical need for awareness and protective strategies against UV radiation in Borno, especially during the peak months from March to September when the potential for harm is at its highest.
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In Borno, Nigeria, daylight duration exhibits a relatively stable pattern throughout the year, with most months featuring approximately 12 hours of daylight. January and February begin the year with 11 hours of daylight, but as March arrives, the hours increase to a consistent 12 hours that persists from March through September. This consistent duration of daylight during the spring and summer months fosters a favorable environment for agriculture and outdoor activities, allowing residents to maximize their time in the sun.
As the year transitions toward the end of the year, daylight hours taper off again, returning to 11 hours in October and continuing through November and December. This gradual decrease indicates a shift towards the shorter days of the cooler months, yet the overall variation in daylight duration remains minimal. The predictability of daylight in Borno provides an advantageous framework for planning agricultural cycles, festivals, and daily activities, ensuring that the community adapts well to the ongoing solar patterns throughout the year.
Askira, Nigeria experiences a hot climate with temperatures ranging from a minimum of 11°C (53°F) in January to a maximum of 44°C (111°F) in April. The region has a pronounced wet season, with the highest rainfall occurring in August, totaling 255 mm (10.0 in). Sunshine is abundant, peaking at 340 hours in May, which coincides with increased temperatures. Despite the heat, the dry months of January, February, November, and December remain precipitation-free. For more details, visit Askira climate.
The climate in Azare, Nigeria is characterized by a hot and dry season from December to February, with January temperatures averaging 24°C (75°F) and clear skies offering up to 270 hours of sunshine. The wet season arrives in May, peaking in July with substantial rainfall reaching 164 mm (6.5 in), while temperatures remain high, averaging around 25°C (78°F). August experiences the most precipitation at 195 mm (7.7 in) but maintains warm conditions. Overall, Azare sees a significant temperature range throughout the year, from a low of 12°C (54°F) in January to highs of 43°C (109°F) in April. For more details, visit Azare climate.
Bama, Nigeria, experiences a hot tropical climate with significant temperature variation throughout the year. Minimum temperatures range from 11°C (51°F) in January to 22°C (72°F) in July, while maximum temperatures can reach as high as 45°C (113°F) in April. The rainy season typically starts in June, peaking in August with 227 mm (9.0 in) of precipitation, before tapering off in October. Sunshine is abundant, with monthly averages exceeding 300 hours for most months. For more information, visit Bama climate.
Benisheikh, Nigeria experiences a tropical climate characterized by high temperatures and distinct wet and dry seasons. January to March sees temperature highs peaking at around 42°C (109°F), while the rainy season from June to August can bring significant rainfall, with August recording up to 219 mm (8.6 in). The region enjoys plentiful sunshine throughout the year, with May experiencing the most at 345 hours. Despite its heat, the climate remains a crucial factor for local agriculture and lifestyle. For more detailed information, visit Benisheikh climate.
Biu, Nigeria experiences a hot tropical climate, with January temperatures ranging from a cool 12°C (54°F) to highs of 38°C (100°F), which peaks in April at a scorching 43°C (109°F). The rainy season primarily occurs from May to September, with July and August receiving the most precipitation at 164 mm (6.5 in) and 195 mm (7.7 in) respectively. Sunshine is abundant throughout the year, with May boasting the highest at 342 hours. Overall, Biu's climate is characterized by significant temperature variations, especially between the dry and wet seasons. For more details, visit Biu climate.
The climate in Bornu Yassu, Nigeria, is characterized by hot temperatures and distinct seasonal variations in precipitation. From January to April, temperatures rise significantly, peaking in April with a maximum of 44°C (111°F) and minimal rainfall. The rainy season spans from May to September, with August receiving the highest precipitation at 183 mm (7.2 in) and average temperatures ranging from 22°C (71°F) to 33°C (91°F). Clear skies are common year-round, with sunshine hours reaching over 300 in most months, providing a generally dry and sunny climate. For more detailed information, visit Bornu Yassu climate.
Briyel, Nigeria experiences a hot tropical climate with significant variation in temperature throughout the year. January marks the coolest month with average temperatures around 24°C (76°F), while April records the hottest average at 33°C (92°F). The rainy season mainly occurs from May to September, with August seeing the highest precipitation of 187 mm (7.4 in). Despite the rain, sunshine is abundant, reaching up to 344 hours in May. For more detailed insights, visit Briyel climate.
Chibok, Nigeria experiences a tropical climate characterized by high temperatures and distinct wet and dry seasons. January and February see cooler temperatures, with averages around 24-26°C (75-79°F), while April marks the hottest month, reaching up to 44°C (112°F). Rainfall is minimal from January to March but peaks between June and August, accumulating up to 238 mm (9.4 in) in August. Despite the heavy rains during peak months, Chibok receives ample sunshine year-round, averaging over 300 hours monthly. For more detailed climate information, visit Chibok climate.
Damasak, Nigeria experiences a hot semi-arid climate characterized by high temperatures throughout the year. From January to April, temperatures can soar, with April peaking at a maximum of 45°C (113°F). The rainy season begins in May, leading to increased precipitation, particularly in August, when it can reach 178 mm (7.0 in). Despite the rainfall, Damasak enjoys abundant sunshine, averaging around 300 hours per month. For more detailed information, visit Damasak climate.
Damboa, Nigeria, experiences a hot semi-arid climate characterized by high temperatures and a notable wet season. January marks the coolest month with temperatures ranging from 10°C (51°F) to 38°C (101°F), while April is the hottest, with temperatures peaking at 45°C (113°F). Rainfall is minimal from January to April, but it intensifies from May to August, with August receiving the highest precipitation at 244 mm (9.6 in). Despite the heat, the region enjoys ample sunshine throughout the year, with May recording the most hours at 343. For more detailed insights, visit Damboa climate.
Dikwa, Nigeria, experiences a hot semi-arid climate characterized by high temperatures and seasonal rainfall. The hottest months are April and May, with maximum temperatures reaching up to 47°C (116°F) and 44°C (112°F) respectively. Rainfall is minimal from January to April, peaking in the rainy season from June to August, particularly in August with 215 mm (8.5 in) of precipitation. Sunshine is abundant year-round, with May enjoying the highest at 343 hours. For more detailed climate information, visit Dikwa climate.
Gajiram, Nigeria, experiences a hot and dry climate for most of the year, with temperatures peaking between March and April, where highs can reach up to 45°C (113°F). The wettest months are July and August, receiving up to 197 mm (7.8 in) of rain, while the rest of the year typically sees little to no precipitation. Sunshine is abundant, with nearly 347 hours in July and consistently high sunshine hours throughout the year. Despite high temperatures, the climate is characterized by clear skies during the dry season. For more details, check the Gajiram climate.
Gamboru, Nigeria experiences a hot climate characterized by high temperatures and distinct wet and dry seasons. January through April sees maximum temperatures ranging from 40°C to 47°C (104°F to 116°F) with little to no precipitation, while the rainy season peaks in August with 206 mm (8.1 in) of rainfall. Sunshine is abundant year-round, averaging over 300 hours per month, particularly in March and May. The average annual temperature remains high, generally between 24°C and 35°C (76°F to 95°F). For more detailed information, visit the Gamboru climate.
Gubio, Nigeria, experiences a hot climate with temperature variations throughout the year. January sees minimum temperatures around 10°C (51°F), rising to a maximum of 37°C (99°F) in April, the hottest month, with averages peaking at 34°C (93°F) in May. The rainy season primarily spans from June to August, with August receiving the most precipitation at 189 mm (7.4 in). Despite this, sunshine is abundant, with yearly averages ranging from 268 hours in January to 348 hours in July. For detailed climate information, visit Gubio climate.
Gudumbali, Nigeria, experiences a hot semi-arid climate characterized by high temperatures and distinct wet and dry seasons. Temperatures range from a minimum of 11°C (52°F) in January to a maximum of 45°C (114°F) in April, with the hottest months being March and April. Rainfall is sparse during the dry season, particularly from January to April, while the wettest month is August, receiving 186 mm (7.3 in) of precipitation. Sunshine is abundant throughout the year, reaching up to 349 hours in May. For more details, visit Gudumbali climate.
Gwoza, Nigeria, experiences a tropical climate with distinct temperature variations throughout the year. January sees minimum temperatures around 9°C (49°F) and can reach up to 37°C (98°F) in the peak months of March and April. Rainfall begins to increase in May, peaking in August with approximately 275 mm (10.8 in), while the dry season runs from November to February with negligible precipitation. Sunshine is abundant, particularly in March and May, which receive over 336 hours of sunlight. For more details, visit Gwoza climate.
Khaddamari, Nigeria, experiences a hot climate characterized by high temperatures throughout the year, with averages ranging from 22°C (73°F) in January to 33°C (91°F) in May. The hottest month is April, with maximum temperatures reaching up to 44°C (112°F). Rainfall is minimal in the early months, with significant precipitation occurring from May through September, peaking in August at 224 mm (8.8 in). The region enjoys ample sunshine, averaging between 300 to 345 hours per month, contributing to a generally arid environment. For more detailed information, visit Khaddamari climate.
Konduga, Nigeria, experiences a tropical climate characterized by high temperatures and seasonal rainfall. From January to April, temperatures rise sharply, peaking in April with a maximum of 46°C (115°F). The wet season begins in May, reaching its peak in August with an impressive 236 mm (9.3 in) of rainfall. Despite the rains, sunshine is abundant throughout the year, with May recording the highest at 342 hours. For detailed information, visit Konduga climate.
Kukawa, Nigeria experiences a hot and semi-arid climate characterized by high temperatures and minimal rainfall. Temperatures range from a chilly 11°C (52°F) in January to a scorching 45°C (114°F) in April and May, while average monthly temperatures hover around 23°C (74°F) to 34°C (94°F). Rainfall is scarce until May, peaking in August with 188 mm (7.4 in), before drying up again in November and December. The region enjoys abundant sunshine, averaging over 300 hours per month throughout the year. For more details, visit Kukawa climate.
Kwaya Kusar, Nigeria, experiences a hot climate with distinct temperature variations throughout the year. January temperatures range from a minimum of 13°C to a maximum of 39°C, peaking in April with highs of 44°C. The rainy season occurs from May to September, with peaks in precipitation in July (151 mm) and August (204 mm), while the rest of the year remains mostly dry. Sunshine is abundant, with May boasting the highest hours at 344, contributing to the overall warmth of the region. For more detailed information about the climate, visit Kwaya Kusar climate.
Mafa, Nigeria experiences a hot climate with temperatures ranging from a minimum of 10°C (51°F) in January to a maximum of 46°C (115°F) in April. The wet season peaks between June and August, with August receiving significant rainfall of 236 mm (9.3 in). Despite high humidity during this period, Mafa enjoys ample sunshine throughout the year, with the highest hours recorded in March at 336 hours. The dry months of January to April and late November to December show virtually no precipitation, contributing to the region's heat. For more detailed information, visit Mafa climate.
Magumeri, Nigeria experiences a hot climate characterized by high temperatures throughout the year, with average highs peaking at 43°C (110°F) in April. The region sees minimal rainfall in the early months, with significant precipitation occurring mostly in July (83 mm) and August (207 mm), marking the wettest part of the year. Notably, December to February is marked by lower temperatures, ranging from 9°C (48°F) to 12°C (53°F) at night. Despite the heat, the area enjoys ample sunshine, with May boasting the highest hours at 346. For more detailed information on the climate, visit Magumeri climate.
Maiduguri, Nigeria experiences a hot semi-arid climate characterized by high temperatures and distinct wet and dry seasons. From January to April, temperatures soar, peaking in April with a maximum of 44°C (112°F), while rainfall remains negligible. The rainy season peaks between July and August, with precipitation reaching up to 245 mm (9.7 in) in August. Despite increased humidity during this period, temperatures remain warm, averaging around 27°C (80°F). For more detailed information, visit Maiduguri climate.
Mallam Fatori, Nigeria, experiences a hot and dry climate, with temperatures ranging from a minimum of 9°C (49°F) in January to a maximum of 46°C (115°F) in April and May. The wet season begins in May, peaking in August with 145 mm (5.7 in) of rainfall, while the dry months from November to February receive little to no precipitation. The sun shines abundantly throughout the year, with the highest number of sunshine hours in May (350 hours). Visitors can expect high temperatures and significant sunshine, making it essential to stay hydrated and protected from the sun. For more information, visit Mallam Fatori climate.
Marte, Nigeria experiences a hot climate with prominent seasonal variations in temperature and rainfall. From January to April, temperatures soar, peaking at 46°C (116°F) in April, while the dry season sees no recorded precipitation. The rainy season begins in May, culminating in August with significant rainfall of 209 mm (8.2 in), and temperatures remain high yet slightly decrease. The area benefits from abundant sunshine throughout the year, peaking at 346 hours in May and July. For more information, visit Marte climate.
Miringa, Nigeria, experiences a tropical climate characterized by high temperatures and distinct wet and dry seasons. Temperatures range from a minimum of 11°C (53°F) in January to a maximum of 43°C (110°F) in April, with averages peaking around 32°C (90°F) during the hottest months. Precipitation is minimal from January to March, with a significant increase starting in May, peaking in August with 207 mm (8.1 in) of rainfall. The region enjoys abundant sunshine throughout the year, with May receiving the most hours at 341. For more detailed information, visit Miringa climate.
Monguno, Nigeria, experiences a predominantly hot and dry climate, with temperatures peaking from April to June, when maximums can reach up to 46°C (114°F). The rainy season typically occurs from May to September, with August being the wettest month, recording 168 mm (6.6 in) of rainfall. January through April sees little to no precipitation, while temperatures remain moderate, making it the dry season. Sunshine is abundant year-round, with the highest hours recorded in May at 348 hours. For more detailed information, visit Monguno climate.
Ngala, Nigeria experiences a hot climate characterized by high temperatures and a distinct wet season. January to April sees soaring temperatures, peaking in April at a maximum of 47°C (116°F). Rainfall begins in May, culminating in August, which receives the highest precipitation at 206 mm (8.1 in). Sunshine hours remain abundant throughout the year, with May boasting the most at 346 hours. For more detailed information, visit Ngala climate.
Rann, Nigeria experiences a predominantly hot climate, with temperatures peaking between 40°C (104°F) and 47°C (116°F) from April to June. The warmest month is April, while January offers relatively cooler temperatures, with a minimum of 12°C (54°F). Precipitation is minimal from January to April, but significant rainfall occurs, particularly in August, with 215 mm (8.5 in). The region enjoys abundant sunshine year-round, reaching up to 346 hours in May. For more detailed information, visit Rann climate.
The climate in Shaffa, Nigeria is characterized by a significant temperature range and a distinct wet season. Temperatures vary from a low of 12°C (54°F) in January to a high of 43°C (109°F) in April, with average monthly temperatures generally between 24°C (75°F) and 32°C (90°F). The rainy season occurs from May to September, with July recording the highest precipitation at 164 mm (6.5 in). Despite the rain, sunshine is abundant throughout the year, with May enjoying the most hours at 342. For more detailed information, visit Shaffa climate.
Shani, Nigeria, experiences a hot and varied climate throughout the year. Temperatures range from a minimum of 13°C (56°F) in January to a peak of 45°C (113°F) in April, with average monthly temperatures generally between 26°C (79°F) and 33°C (91°F). Rainfall begins in April, peaking in August with 180 mm (7.1 in), while the driest months are January, February, and March with no recorded precipitation. The region boasts significant sunshine, especially from February to May, with up to 343 hours in May. For more detailed information, visit Shani climate.
Tokombere, Nigeria experiences a hot climate with temperatures ranging from a minimum of 10°C (50°F) in January to a maximum of 45°C (113°F) in April. The wettest months are from June to August, with rainfall peaking at 222 mm (8.8 in) in August. Despite the heat, the region enjoys ample sunshine throughout the year, averaging around 306 hours per month during the rainy season. For more detailed information, visit Tokombere climate.
Uba, Nigeria experiences a tropical climate characterized by distinct wet and dry seasons. Temperatures range from a cooler 10°C (51°F) in January to a peak of 42°C (107°F) in March and April, with average temperatures fluctuating between 23°C (74°F) and 32°C (89°F). Rainfall is minimal from January to February, escalating dramatically in the summer months, with August receiving the highest precipitation at 244 mm (9.6 in). The area enjoys substantial sunshine throughout the year, with March being particularly sunny at 335 hours. For more details, visit Uba climate.
Wuyo, Nigeria experiences a hot semi-arid climate with significant temperature variations throughout the year. January marks the coolest month with temperatures ranging from 13°C (55°F) to a high of 39°C (103°F), while April reaches its peak with max temperatures up to 44°C (112°F). Rainfall is sparse until late spring, with the wettest months being July and August, receiving 151 mm (6.0 in) and 204 mm (8.0 in), respectively. Notably, the region enjoys ample sunshine, with May offering the highest at 344 hours. For more detailed information, visit Wuyo climate.
Yajiwa, Nigeria, experiences a predominantly hot climate with temperature extremes ranging from a minimum of 9°C (49°F) in January to a maximum of 45°C (113°F) in April. The wet season occurs between June and September, with August being the wettest month, accumulating 239 mm (9.4 in) of rain. Despite its rainy months, Yajiwa enjoys ample sunshine, averaging up to 345 hours in May. The relatively low precipitation in the remaining months indicates a pronounced dry season, particularly from November to February. For more detailed information, visit Yajiwa climate.
In conclusion, Borno, Nigeria, presents a unique climate characterized by significant temperature variations, substantial sunshine duration, and consistent daylight hours throughout the year. The region's climate, with its extreme UV Index and pronounced wet and dry seasons, requires careful attention to sun safety and water resource management, especially during the peak months of intense heat and rainfall. Understanding the patterns of temperature, precipitation, and sunlight not only aids local residents in planning their daily lives but also informs agricultural practices, public health initiatives, and environmental sustainability efforts. As Borno navigates these climate factors, embracing adaptive strategies will be essential for enhancing resilience against climatic fluctuations and optimizing the benefits of its natural environment.