Last updated: January 18, 2025
The climate of the Nairobi area, Kenya, is characterized by a mix of Köppen-Geiger climate classes: Aw (tropical savanna) and Cfb (temperate oceanic). This unique climatic blend results in a moderate temperature range, with a minimum of 8°C (47°F) typically recorded in August, an average temperature of 19°C (67°F) throughout the year, and peaks reaching 32°C (90°F) in March. Such variations foster diverse ecosystems and influence local agriculture, making Nairobi a region of both ecological significance and climatic interest.
The temperature patterns in the Nairobi area exhibit a distinct seasonal rhythm, reflecting its mild tropical climate. From January to March, temperatures gradually rise, with average highs peaking at 32°C (90°F) in March, while nighttime lows remain relatively stable, ranging from 11°C (52°F) to 13°C (55°F). As the cooler months approach from April to August, temperatures decrease, with average highs dropping to 26°C (80°F) in June and lows reaching a minimum of 8°C (47°F) in August. This brief cool season is followed by a slight warming trend in September to November, where temperatures stabilize around 28-29°C (82-84°F) for maxima, while nightly lows hover between 10°C (50°F) and 12°C (53°F). The year concludes in December with consistent moderate temperatures, maintaining an average that underscores Nairobi’s overall climate stability.
Nairobi experiences a minimum temperature of 8°C (47°F) in August and a maximum of 32°C (90°F) in March, while Thika has slightly warmer temperatures, with a minimum of 9°C (48°F) in August and a maximum of 31°C (88°F) in March. For more details on the climate, visit monthly temperatures in Nairobi and monthly temperatures in Thika.
Precipitation in the Nairobi area exhibits a distinct seasonal pattern, with a marked increase from March to May, coinciding with the long rainy season. January and February see relatively low rainfall, with averages of 37 mm (1.5 in) and 36 mm (1.4 in), respectively. However, by March, precipitation jumps significantly to 86 mm (3.4 in), followed by heavy rainfall in April at 179 mm (7.0 in) and May at 155 mm (6.1 in). This period experiences the highest number of rainy days, with April alone totaling 25 days of precipitation, highlighting Nairobi's dependence on these vital rainy months for replenishing water resources.
As the long rains subside in June, the region experiences a sharp decline in precipitation, with just 61 mm (2.4 in) recorded, followed by a further decrease in July to 28 mm (1.1 in). The drier months of July and August average around 7-8 rainy days, with only modest rainfall. A secondary rainy season appears from October to December, peaking again in November with 117 mm (4.6 in) and featuring 19 rainy days. This cyclical pattern of rainfall not only affects the local climate but also plays a crucial role in agriculture and water availability in the region.
In the Nairobi area, sunshine duration exhibits a notable seasonal variation, with a general increase in hours from the beginning of the year towards the end. January starts with 288 hours of sunshine, gradually rising through February and March, where it peaks at 338 hours. This trend reflects the region's transition into its drier months, which are characterized by longer daylight hours and less cloud cover. Interestingly, the months of April and May see a slight dip in sunshine, dropping to 310 and 331 hours, respectively, as the long rainy season takes effect. However, even during this period, Nairobi still enjoys a significant amount of sunlight.
As the year progresses into the second half, sunshine hours bounce back, with June through August averaging between 316 and 328 hours. Notably, December claims the highest total at 342 hours, underscoring the transitional climate from the rainy season to the dry months. This consistent sunshine across the latter months creates ideal conditions for agricultural activities and outdoor pursuits, making Nairobi a vibrant and sunlit environment year-round. Overall, the city's sunshine patterns highlight its climatic diversity and the essential role of solar exposure in shaping local lifestyles and ecosystems.
The UV Index in the Nairobi area reflects a consistently high level of ultraviolet radiation throughout the year, underscoring the need for protective measures against sun exposure. From January through March, the UV Index peaks at an extreme level, with readings of 15 in January, 16 in February, and reaching its zenith of 17 in March. During these months, the burn time is notably short at 10 minutes, which emphasizes the potential risk of skin damage without adequate sun protection. Even in April, where the index remains high at 16, it serves as a reminder of the extreme solar intensity characteristic of the region.
As the year progresses, the UV Index remains elevated but experiences a slight decline during the mid-year months. By June and July, the index drops to 12, still classified as extreme, with the burn time sustained at 10 minutes. A slight resurgence occurs in August, September, and October, with values between 13 and 14, reinforcing the importance of sun safety during these months. Despite minor fluctuations, the consistently high UV Index in Nairobi necessitates that residents and visitors take precautions year-round to safeguard against harmful UV radiation.
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In the Nairobi area, daylight duration remains remarkably consistent throughout the year, with a uniform average of 12 hours each day. This stable pattern is characteristic of regions located near the equator, where the length of day and night does not vary significantly across seasons. Residents and visitors enjoy nearly equal periods of daylight and darkness, providing a predictable framework for daily activities and lifestyle.
This consistency in daylight can foster a sense of routine and stability, benefiting agriculture, tourism, and outdoor pursuits throughout the year. With each month providing the same amount of natural light, Nairobians can leverage this reliability for various endeavors, from farming schedules to planning events. The unchanging daylight duration not only simplifies the understanding of local time management but also enriches the cultural rhythm of life in this vibrant city.
Nairobi, Kenya experiences a temperate climate with relatively mild temperatures year-round. Average monthly temperatures range from 18°C (64°F) in the cooler months of June and July to 21°C (70°F) in warmer months like February and March. Rainfall varies significantly, peaking in April with 146 mm (5.7 in) and decreasing markedly in the dry months of July and August. The city enjoys ample sunshine, particularly in March, which boasts 340 hours of sun. For more detailed information, visit Nairobi climate.
Thika, Kenya experiences a mild climate with temperatures ranging from a minimum of 9°C (48°F) in August to a maximum of 31°C (88°F) in March. The year sees substantial rainfall, especially from April to May, with April recording the highest precipitation at 212 mm (8.3 in). Sunshine is abundant, peaking at 340 hours in December, ensuring a warm year-round atmosphere. For more detailed information on the climate, visit Thika climate.
In conclusion, the climatic characteristics of the Nairobi area—marked by its moderate temperatures, consistent sunshine, elevated UV Index, and uniform daylight duration—contribute to a dynamic and vibrant environment. The city's weather patterns and seasonal variations play a pivotal role in shaping the local ecosystem, agriculture, and daily life. Understanding these climatic elements is essential for residents and visitors alike, ensuring they can effectively adapt to the region's unique conditions while taking full advantage of its natural beauty and opportunities. As Nairobi continues to grow and evolve, these climatic insights will remain integral to sustaining its cultural and environmental vitality.