Last updated: January 18, 2025
Gīlān, Iran experiences a diverse climate characterized by a blend of Köppen-Geiger climate classes: Dsb, Csa, and Cfa. This region witnesses a remarkable temperature range, with winter lows plummeting to a frigid -21°C (-5°F) in February and summer peaks soaring to a sweltering 40°C (103°F) in September. The annual average temperature hovers around a mild 16°C (61°F), reflecting the unique climatic interplay between continental and Mediterranean influences. This complex climatic profile significantly shapes the local environment, agriculture, and biodiversity of Gīlān.
In Gīlān, Iran, temperature patterns exhibit distinct seasonal trends that transition from the cold, harsh winter months to the warm, balmy summers. January and February are particularly frigid, with minimum temperatures dropping as low as -21°C (-5°F), while average highs only reach the low twenties (23°C to 26°C). As spring approaches in March and April, temperatures gradually rise, with significant shifts marked by increasingly milder averages and maximums soaring to 32°C (90°F) by late April. The onset of summer in May ushers in warmth, peaking during July and September with maximum temperatures nearing 40°C (103°F). Following this peak heat, October and November introduce cooler conditions, where temperatures begin to dip again, while December marks the return of chillier days, with lows back to -15°C (5°F). This marked contrast between winter and summer reflects Gīlān's dynamic climate, showcasing a rich seasonal variation that influences the local ecosystem and lifestyle.
In the Gilan province of Iran, Manjil experiences extreme temperatures, with a minimum of -21°C (-5°F) in February and a maximum of 40°C (103°F) in September monthly temperatures in Manjil. Masuleh features similarly harsh winter conditions, with lows of -18°C (1°F) in February and summer highs reaching 36°C (98°F) in September monthly temperatures in Masuleh. Meanwhile, Rasht sees milder temperatures, registering a minimum of -9°C (16°F) in January and a maximum of 36°C (98°F) in August monthly temperatures in Rasht.
Gīlān, Iran experiences a pronounced seasonal variation in precipitation, with the winter months of January and February receiving substantial rainfall, measuring 102 mm (4.0 in) and 140 mm (5.5 in) respectively. This wet period continues into early spring, with March and April each recording 110 mm (4.3 in), indicating sustained moisture that supports the region's diverse ecosystems. Throughout these months, precipitation is frequent, with rainy days averaging around 10 to 15 days monthly, contributing to Gīlān's lush landscapes and agricultural productivity.
As the summer approaches, rainfall diminishes significantly, with June witnessing a drop to just 30 mm (1.2 in). However, as autumn arrives in September, precipitation levels surge again, peaking at 225 mm (8.9 in) in November, with October also experiencing heavy rains at 195 mm (7.7 in). The pattern of increased precipitation in the fall, alongside the initiation of cooler temperatures, creates a unique climatic rhythm, characterized by fewer rainy days in the summer (5 to 9 days) and a return to more frequent rainfall in the latter part of the year. This seasonal precipitation cycle is crucial for replenishing water resources and supporting agriculture in Gīlān.
In Gīlān, Iran, the duration of sunshine reveals a clear seasonal pattern, beginning with shorter days in winter and transitioning to the long, sun-drenched days of summer. January kicks off the year with 205 hours of sunshine, gradually increasing to 244 hours in February. The trend continues as spring approaches, with March and April recording 298 hours and 311 hours, respectively. By the time May arrives, the region begins basking in the sun with an impressive 374 hours, setting the stage for the peak summer months that follow.
The summer delivers the highest sunshine durations, with June reaching a maximum of 388 hours, closely followed by July at 380 hours and August at 363 hours. This abundance of sunlight nurtures the local flora and supports agriculture, making these months vital for farming activities. However, as autumn enters, a gradual decline in sunshine hours ensues, dropping to 314 hours in September and further to 280 hours in October. The cycle continues into winter, where sunshine hours average around 230 to 248 hours in November and December, highlighting the contrast between the vibrant, sun-filled summers and the more subdued, cloudier winter months.
The UV Index in Gīlān, Iran, exhibits marked fluctuations throughout the year, reflecting the region’s varying exposure to sunlight. In the winter months, both January and December register a moderate UV Index of 4, with a recommended burn time of 30 minutes, suggesting that while caution is necessary, the risk of harm from the sun is relatively low. February sees a notable increase to 6, categorized as high, indicating a need for greater sun protection during outdoor activities. As spring approaches, the UV levels rise sharply, peaking in March with a very high Index of 10 and a burn time plunging to just 15 minutes, necessitating immediate protective measures.
The summer months endure the greatest UV exposure, with May and June reaching an extreme UV Index of 12, which demands urgent action to safeguard skin from harmful rays, allowing only 10 minutes before sunburn occurs. July follows closely with an Index of 11, demonstrating sustained risk. As the season transitions to fall, UV levels begin to decline, with September and October dropping to 9 and 7, respectively. By November, the Index returns to a moderate level, resembling the winter values, as Gīlān shifts into less intense sun exposure. This seasonal variation underscores the importance of understanding UV Index trends for effective sun safety and skin health throughout the year.
UV Risk Categories
Daylight duration in Gīlān, Iran exhibits a clear seasonal progression, reflecting the region's geographical position and changes throughout the year. January begins with 9 hours of daylight, gradually increasing to 10 hours in February and 11 hours in March as the days lengthen with the approach of spring. This upward trend culminates in April, where daylight extends to 13 hours, peaking at 14 hours during May and continuing through June and July. These longer days foster vibrant ecosystems and support agricultural activities, making this period essential for local farmers and outdoor enthusiasts.
As summer transitions into autumn, daylight hours begin to wane, peaking at 14 hours in July and then decreasing to 13 hours in August. By September, Gīlān experiences 12 hours of daylight, followed by a further decline to 11 hours in October. This pattern continues into the late fall and winter, with November and December returning to 10 and 9 hours of daylight, respectively. This cyclical variation in daylight is not only important for agricultural cycles but also influences lifestyle and activity patterns, emphasizing the dynamic relationship between the sun and daily life in Gīlān.
Bandar-e Anzali, Iran, experiences a humid subtropical climate with warm summers and mild winters. January sees temperatures ranging from 2°C to 18°C and substantial rainfall of 103 mm, while July offers the warmest conditions, with highs around 32°C and lower precipitation at 55 mm. The region enjoys significant sunshine, peaking at 386 hours in June. However, precipitation is highest in November, with 254 mm, making it the wettest month. For more detailed information, visit Bandar-e Anzali climate.
Lahijan, Iran experiences a temperate climate characterized by distinct seasonal changes. Winters (December to February) can be chillier, with average temperatures ranging from 8°C to 10°C, while summers (June to August) are warm, averaging between 25°C and 27°C. Precipitation peaks in the late autumn months, particularly October and November, with around 177 mm and 180 mm, respectively, and much of the rain falls during this time. The region enjoys ample sunshine, especially from May to July, with about 378 to 392 hours of sunlight. For more detailed information, visit Lahijan climate.
Manjil, Iran experiences a diverse climate, characterized by cold winters and hot summers. January and February see minimum temperatures dipping to -21°C (-5°F) and substantial precipitation peaking in November at 113 mm (4.5 in). As spring approaches, temperatures rise significantly, notably reaching an average of 22°C (72°F) in June. Summer months are typically warm, with July maxing out at 39°C (103°F) and consistent sunshine hours peaking at 395 in June. For more detailed information, visit Manjil climate.
Masuleh, Iran experiences a diverse climate characterized by cold winters and mild summers. January sees temperatures ranging from -17°C to 18°C and significant precipitation, peaking at 177 mm in November. The region enjoys abundant sunshine, particularly in May and June, with over 370 hours of sunlight. Rainfall tends to decrease during the summer months, with the driest period occurring in June. For a detailed overview, visit Masuleh climate.
The climate in Rasht, Iran, is characterized by cold winters and warm summers. January and February feature freezing temperatures, with averages around 8°C (46°F), while summer months see averages peaking at 26-29°C (79-85°F), reaching maximums of 36°C (97°F). Precipitation is notably high, particularly in the fall and winter months, with November receiving up to 246 mm (9.7 in). Sunshine hours are abundant, especially from May to July, boasting over 370 hours of sunshine per month. For more details, visit Rasht climate.
In conclusion, Gīlān, Iran showcases a dynamic climate and notable seasonal variations in temperature, precipitation, sunshine duration, UV Index, and daylight hours. The diverse Köppen-Geiger climate classes contribute to distinct weather patterns that shape not only the local environment but also the agricultural practices and daily life of its inhabitants. With considerable sunshine hours and fluctuating UV Index levels, residents are reminded of the importance of sun protection, particularly during the peak summer months. Understanding these climatic trends is essential for effective planning and resource management in Gīlān, highlighting the intricate connections between weather, climate, and community sustainability.