Last updated: January 18, 2025
Alborz Province, nestled in Iran, exhibits a diverse climate characterized by the Köppen-Geiger classes Csa (Mediterranean) and Dsa (Hot-summer Continental). The region experiences a remarkable temperature range, with winter minima plunging to -24°C (-11°F) in February, highlighting the potential for severe cold. In contrast, summer brings sweltering conditions, with July temperatures soaring to a scorching 41°C (106°F). On average, the province enjoys a mild climate with an annual average temperature of 13°C (56°F), making it a unique area of study for climate enthusiasts and researchers alike.
In Alborz Province, Iran, temperature patterns reveal distinct seasonal variations that characterize the region’s climate. Winter months such as January and February experience harsh conditions, with minimum temperatures dropping to -24°C (-11°F) and maximums hovering around 18°C (65°F), marking a significant chill. As spring approaches in March and April, temperatures gradually rise, showcasing a marked increase with April’s average reaching 12°C (54°F) and maximums peaking at 31°C (88°F). The onset of summer brings the highest temperatures, particularly in July, where averages soar to 27°C (81°F) and maximums can reach an intense 41°C (106°F). However, as autumn sets in, the temperatures start to decline, with October and November witnessing noticeable drops towards winter lows, emphasizing the region's pronounced seasonal transitions. The yearly cycle culminates with December’s cold returns, reinforcing the dramatic contrasts in temperature throughout Alborz Province.
Hashtgerd experiences a minimum temperature of -20°C (-4°F) in February, reaching a maximum of 38°C (100°F) in July, as detailed in the monthly temperatures in Hashtgerd. In nearby Karaj, temperatures can drop to a minimum of -15°C (5°F) in February and peak at 40°C (104°F) in July, as shown in the monthly temperatures in Karaj. Nazarabad's climate is slightly milder, with minimum temperatures of -17°C (1°F) in February and maximums of 39°C (103°F) in July, which can be found in the monthly temperatures in Nazarabad.
Alborz Province experiences a distinct precipitation pattern throughout the year, with rainfall primarily concentrated in the winter and spring months. January and February receive notable amounts, accumulating 38 mm (1.5 in) and 68 mm (2.7 in) respectively, accompanied by 5 and 9 days of rainfall. This trend continues into March and April, where precipitation peaks at 73 mm (2.9 in) in April, marking the transition from winter to the more temperate spring. This season showcases sustained rainfall, as evidenced by an increase in rainy days, providing vital moisture for the region's diverse ecosystems.
As summer approaches, however, precipitation significantly declines, with June recording a mere 9 mm (0.3 in) and only 2 days of rain, cutting short the earlier pattern. July and August also see minimal rainfall, with totals of 14 mm (0.5 in) and 11 mm (0.4 in) respectively, indicative of the hot, dry conditions typical of these months. The trend begins to reverse in autumn, with October and November experiencing increased rainfall of 30 mm (1.2 in) and 47 mm (1.8 in), along with a return of rainy days to 5 and 8, respectively. This seasonal precipitation cycle plays a critical role in sustaining the agricultural and ecological diversity of Alborz Province.
In Alborz Province, sunshine duration exhibits a clear seasonal trend, with hours of sunlight steadily increasing from the depths of winter to the peak of summer. Starting with 226 hours in January, sunlight hours gradually escalate through February and March, culminating in 322 hours. This upward trajectory continues into April and May, with impressive totals of 337 and 383 hours respectively, as the region emerges from winter's grip and blooms into the vibrant spring season. The transition into summer sees an impressive plateau, with June and July both recording 395 hours of sunshine, marking the height of daylight exposure.
However, as summer wanes and autumn approaches, there is a noticeable decline in sunshine duration. August begins to show a reduction with 376 hours, and this trend continues into September with 341 hours. By the time October arrives, the province receives 310 hours of sunlight, signaling the onset of shorter days. The decline continues through the colder months, with November and December seeing lower totals of 258 and 269 hours respectively. This cyclical pattern emphasizes the importance of sunlight for climate dynamics in Alborz Province, influencing not only local agriculture but also the overall quality of life for its residents.
The UV Index in Alborz Province reflects significant seasonal shifts, closely linked to the intensity of sunlight throughout the year. In the winter months, January sees a moderate UV Index of 5, allowing for safer sun exposure, but this quickly escalates in February to a high index of 7, indicating a reduction in burn time to 25 minutes. As spring unfolds, March brings a marked increase to a very high UV Index of 10, and by April, it reaches an extreme level of 11, necessitating increased caution as burn time plummets to just 10 minutes. This trend continues into May and June, where the index peaks at 13, emphasizing the need for protective measures against harmful UV radiation during outdoor activities.
As summer transitions into autumn, the UV Index begins to decline but remains significant. In July, the index slightly decreases to 12, followed by an index of 11 in August. By September, it settles at 10, indicating very high levels of UV exposure once more. This pattern continues, with the index dropping to 7 in October as the sun's intensity wanes, while November and December see lower levels of 5 and 4, respectively, marking a return to moderate exposure. The variability in the UV Index throughout the year highlights the importance of awareness and protection from UV radiation, particularly during the peak summer months when skin damage can occur rapidly.
UV Risk Categories
In Alborz Province, daylight duration experiences a dynamic shift throughout the year, reflecting the changing seasons and the tilt of the Earth's axis. During the winter months, January and February maintain a consistent 10 hours of daylight, providing a semblance of stability amidst the colder weather. However, as March arrives, there is a noticeable increase to 11 hours, signaling the approach of spring. This upward trend continues into April, where daylight extends to 13 hours and peaks in May and June at a maximum of 14 hours, offering ample time for outdoor activities and influencing local agriculture.
As summer gives way to autumn, daylight duration begins to taper off gradually. In July, the province enjoys another month of 14 hours of sunlight, but this begins to decline in August to 13 hours. This decrease continues into September with 12 hours, and the trend persists into the autumn months, with daylight shrinking to 11 hours in October. November returns to 10 hours, while December marks the shortest period of daylight at just 9 hours. This cyclical pattern underscores the seasonal variations in daylight, greatly impacting daily life and energy dynamics in Alborz Province.
Eshtehard, Iran experiences a continental climate with significant temperature variations throughout the year. Winters are cold, with January lows dropping to -16°C (4°F) and an average temperature of around 2°C (37°F), while summers can be quite hot, reaching highs of 41°C (106°F) in July. Precipitation is heaviest in spring, particularly in April, which sees an average of 94 mm (3.7 in) of rain, while summer months are much drier. Sunshine is abundant, with June and July boasting nearly 400 hours of sunshine each. For more detailed climate information, visit Eshtehard climate.
The climate in Hashtgerd, Iran, experiences significant seasonal changes, with cold winters and hot summers. January temperatures range from a low of -17°C to a high of 12°C, while July sees temperatures peak between 15°C and 38°C. Precipitation is highest in winter and spring, with February averaging 62 mm, while the summer months are quite dry. Sunshine is abundant, especially from May to July, with over 390 hours of sun per month. For more detailed climate information, visit Hashtgerd climate.
Karaj, Iran experiences a continental climate with cold winters and hot summers. January temperatures range from a frigid -14°C to a mild 14°C, while summer months see highs reaching up to 40°C in July. Precipitation is highest from January to April, with February receiving the most at 56 mm, but it significantly declines in the summer months. The city enjoys abundant sunshine, peaking in July with 398 hours. For more detailed information, visit Karaj climate.
Nazarabad, Iran experiences a continental climate characterized by cold winters and hot summers. January temperatures range from a minimum of -15°C (5°F) to a maximum of 14°C (57°F), while July sees highs of up to 39°C (103°F). Precipitation is highest in February and April, averaging around 69 mm (2.7 in) and 70 mm (2.8 in), respectively, with very little rain during the summer months. The region enjoys significant sunshine, particularly in the summer, with July receiving about 398 hours of sunlight. For more details, visit Nazarabad climate.
The climate in Taleqan, Iran, is characterized by cold winters and mild summers. January temperatures can drop to a minimum of -21°C (-5°F), while July sees averages around 22°C (73°F). Precipitation is relatively high from February to April, with April receiving the most at 89 mm (3.5 in). The region enjoys ample sunshine, peaking in May and June with about 380-390 hours of sunlight per month. For more details on the climate, visit Taleqan climate.
In conclusion, Alborz Province, Iran, presents a captivating interplay of climatic elements, including temperature variations, precipitation patterns, sunshine duration, UV Index fluctuations, and daylight length throughout the year. The region experiences distinct seasonal changes that influence local ecosystems, agriculture, and daily life. From harsh winter temperatures to the blazing sunshine of summer, each season brings unique challenges and benefits. Understanding these climatic dynamics is essential for residents, policymakers, and researchers alike, allowing them to adapt and make informed decisions that cater to both environmental sustainability and community well-being. The interplay of these climatic factors not only shapes the natural landscape of Alborz but also enriches the cultural and economic fabric of the province.